Kilometer-Scale Rapid Transport of Naphthalene Sulfonate Tracer in the Unsaturated Zone at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Nimmo, John R.; Perkins, K. S.; Rose, Peter; Rousseau, Joseph P.; Orr, Brennon R.; Twining, Brian V.; Anderson, Steven R.

doi:10.2136/vzj2002.0089

Cited by 16 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…In a field test in a geothermal groundwater system, 1,5‐napthalene disulfonate moved similarly to Fluorescein/Uranine [ Rose et al , 1999]. Subsequently, 1,5‐napthalene disulfonate was used in a large‐scale infiltration test [ Nimmo et al , 2002] as a vadose zone tracer. No systematic comparisons, in terms of sorption properties to soil and aquifer material, exist for the different polyaromatic sulfonates, but variable sorption behavior is likely [ Reife and Freeman , 1996] (see Figure 9).…”

Section: Human‐applied Tracers In Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyes as tracers for vadose zone hydrology

Flury

Wai

2003

Reviews of Geophysics

241

166

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[1] Dyes are important tracers to investigate subsurface water movement. For more than a century, dye tracers have provided clues about the hydrological cycle as well as flow and transport processes in the subsurface. Groundwater contamination often originates in the vadose zone. Agrochemicals applied to the soil surface, toxic compounds accidentally spilled by human activities, and contaminants released from waste repositories leach through the vadose zone and can ultimately pollute groundwater resources. Dyes are an important tool to assess flow pathways of such contaminants. This review compiles information on dyes used as hydrological tracers, with particular emphasis on vadose zone hydrology. We summarize briefly different human-applied tracers, including nondye tracers. We then provide a historical sketch of the use of dyes as tracers and describe newer developments in visualization and quantification of tracer experiments. Relevant chemical properties of dyes used as tracers are discussed and illustrated with dye intermediates and selected dye tracers. The types of dyes used as tracers in subsurface hydrology are summarized, and recommendations are made regarding the use of dye tracers. The review concludes with a toxicological assessment of dyes used as hydrological tracers. Many different dyes have been proposed as tracers for water movement in the subsurface. All of these compounds, however, are to some degree retarded by the subsurface medium. Nevertheless, dyes are useful tracers to visualize flow pathways.

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Section: Human‐applied Tracers In Hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyes as tracers for vadose zone hydrology

Flury

Wai

2003

Reviews of Geophysics

241

166

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“…Historically, INL has adopted diffuse-flow conceptual models for contaminant transport in the vadose zone, and risk management decisions have been based on the assumption of diffuse transport. Recent investigations at INL (Dunnivant, Newman et al 1998;Faybishenko, Doughty et al 2000;Nimmo, Perkins et al 2002;Hull and Bishop 2003) suggest that water may instead be moving along more preferential flow paths. Hydrological data collected at the VZRP support these findings and show that preferential flow conceptual models are the most appropriate for describing flow in the vadose zone in this region of the INL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural precipitation at the VZRP-22 cm per year-is not sufficient to form extensive perched water zones at depth. Although the Big Lost River has been identified as a source of local recharge to the C-D interbed (Nimmo et al 2002), the river is historically intermittent, depending on upstream irrigation in the Big Lost River basin. The last recorded extended period of flow in the channel adjacent to the VZRP was in May 2000.…”

Section: Pre-operation Subsurface Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idaho National Laboratory Vadose Zone Research Park Geohydrological Monitoring Results

Baker¹

2006

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Vadose zone lithology, hydrological characterization of interbed sediments, and hydrological data from subsurface monitoring of Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center wastewater infiltration are presented. Threedimensional subsurface lithology of the vadose zone beneath the Vadose Zone Research Park is represented in a 2-dimensional (2-D) diagram showing interpolated lithology between monitoring wells. Laboratory-measured values for saturated hydraulic conductivity and porosity are given for three major interbeds, denoted as the B-BC interbed (20 to 35 m bls), the C-D interbed (40 to 45 m bls), and the DE-1-2 interbed (55 to 65 m bls), along with an overall physical description of the sediments and geologic depositional environments. Preoperational pore water pressure conditions are presented to show the presence and location of perched water zones before pond discharge at the New Percolation Ponds. Subsurface infiltration conditions during initial high-volume discharge are presented to show water arrival times and arrival sequences. Steady-state conditions are then presented to show formation and locations of perched water zones and recharge sources after several months of discharge to the New Percolation Ponds.

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“…Additionally, we have tested the surface resistance terms in the core of the SEC with measurements from several Fluxnet sites across biomes and soil types as reported in Lehmann et al (). The application of a simple approach such as the SEC overlooks many processes that affect soil water dynamics in arid regions such as (i) the effects of biological crusts (Kidron et al, ) and potential hydrophobic effects (Siteur et al, ) that modify infiltration and enhance surface runoff, (ii) heterogeneity that promotes preferential flow paths (Nimmo et al, ), and (iii) complex interactions with (sparse and patchy) vegetation cover (D'Odocrio et al, ; Thompson et al, ). Consequently, under certain conditions the SEC one‐dimensional modeling approach could perform poorly at certain plot‐scale conditions.…”

Section: Rainfall Evaporation and Water Protection From Surface Evamentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Evaporation in Arid Regions: Insights From Lysimeter Decadal Record and Global Application of a Surface Evaporation Capacitor (SEC) Model

Lehmann

Berli

Koonce

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Surface evaporation in arid regions determines the fraction of rainfall that remains to support vegetation and recharge. The surface evaporation capacitor approach was used to estimate rainfall partitioning to surface evaporation and leakage into deeper layers. The surface evaporation capacitor estimates a soil‐specific surface evaporation depth and critical storage capacitance that defines rainfall events that exceed local capacitance and result in leakage into deeper layers protected from surface evaporation. A decade‐long record of hydrologic observations in deep and barren lysimeters near Las Vegas revealed the dominance of a few large rainfall events in generating leakage and increasing interannual soil water storage. The surface evaporation capacitor was used to estimate mean annual surface evaporation and leakage protected from surface evaporation in all arid regions globally. About 13% of arid region rainfall contributes to soil water storage (in the absence of vegetation), similar to 11% found in the lysimeter study.

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Kilometer-Scale Rapid Transport of Naphthalene Sulfonate Tracer in the Unsaturated Zone at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Dyes as tracers for vadose zone hydrology

Dyes as tracers for vadose zone hydrology

Idaho National Laboratory Vadose Zone Research Park Geohydrological Monitoring Results

Surface Evaporation in Arid Regions: Insights From Lysimeter Decadal Record and Global Application of a Surface Evaporation Capacitor (SEC) Model

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