Killer whale call frequency is similar across the oceans, but varies across sympatric ecotypes

Filatova, Olga A.; Miller, Patrick J. O.; Yurk, Harald; Samarra, Filipa I. P.; Hoyt, Erich; Ford, John K. B.; Matkin, Craig O.; Barrett‐Lennard, Lance G.

doi:10.1121/1.4922704

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…For example, the calls of North Pacific transient killer whales have overall lower frequencies than North Pacific residents and North Atlantic killer whales (Icelandic and Norwegian populations; Filatova et al, 2015a; Foote & Nystuen, 2008). However, differences between North Pacific residents and North Atlantic killer whales were less pronounced, with significant frequency differences in the low frequency components but no significant differences in the high frequency components (Filatova et al, 2015a). Our results suggest that in the North Atlantic, time and frequency parameters are not clearly distinguishable between locations, at least for killer whales off Iceland and Norway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of Northeast Atlantic killer whale (Orcinus orca) stereotyped call repertoires

Selbmann

Deecke

Fedutin

et al. 2020

Marine Mammal Science

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Killer whale call repertoires can provide information on social connections among groups and populations. Killer whales in Iceland and Norway exhibit similar ecology and behavior, are genetically related, and are presumed to have been in contact before the collapse of the Atlanto-Scandian herring stock in the 1960s. However, photo-identification suggests no recent movements between Iceland and Norway but regular movement between Iceland and Shetland. Acoustic recordings collected between 2005 and 2016 in Iceland, Norway, and Shetland were used to undertake a comprehensive comparison of call repertoires of Northeast Atlantic killer whales. Measurements of time and frequency parameters of calls from Iceland (n = 4,037) and Norway (n = 1,715) largely overlapped in distribution, and a discriminant function analysis had low correct classification rate. No call type matches were confirmed between Iceland and Norway or Shetland and Norway. Three call types matched between Iceland and Shetland. Therefore, this study suggests overall similarities in time and frequency parameters but some divergence in call type repertoires. This argues against presumed past contact between Icelandic and Norwegian killer whales and suggests that they may not have been one completely mixed population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of Northeast Atlantic killer whale (Orcinus orca) stereotyped call repertoires

Selbmann

Deecke

Fedutin

et al. 2020

Marine Mammal Science

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“…A geographic comparison of North Atlantic and North Pacific killer whale sound frequencies was recently published [221].…”

Section: Orcinus Orca-killer Whalementioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Underwater and In-Air Sounds Emitted by Australian and Antarctic Marine Mammals

et al. 2017

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The study of marine soundscapes is a growing field of research. Recording hardware is becoming more accessible; there are a number of off-the-shelf autonomous recorders that can be deployed for months at a time; software analysis tools exist as shareware; raw or preprocessed recordings are freely and publicly available. However, what is missing are catalogues of commonly recorded sounds. Sounds related to geophysical events (e.g. earthquakes) and weather (e.g. wind and precipitation), to human activities (e.g. ships) and to marine animals (e.g. crustaceans, fish and marine mammals) commonly occur. Marine mammals are distributed throughout Australia's oceans and significantly contribute to the underwater soundscape. However, due to a lack of concurrent visual and passive acoustic observations, it is often not known which species produces which sounds. To aid in the analysis of Australian and Antarctic marine soundscape recordings, a literature review of the sounds made by marine mammals was undertaken. Frequency, duration and source level measurements are summarised and tabulated. In addition to the literature review, new marine mammal data are presented and include recordings from Australia of Omura's whales (Balaenoptera omurai), dwarf sperm whales (Kogia sima), common dolphins (Delphinus delphis), short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), long-finned pilot whales (G. melas), Fraser's dolphins (Lagenodelphis hosei), false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens), striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) and spinner dolphins (S. longirostris), as well as the whistles and burst-pulse sounds of Australian pygmy killer whales (Feresa attenuata). To date, this is the most comprehensive acoustic summary for marine mammal species in Australian waters.

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“…Studies of the vocal characteristics of different killer whale populations have identified a mix of unique and shared call types and documented 'vocal culture' whereby different killer whale groups exhibit distinct dialects [27][28][29][30]. These dialects are stable through time [31,32] and are a learned behaviour [27,33,34]. Groups with very similar repertoires have been shown to be more closely related than groups that share fewer calls, with some pods of related matrilines sharing many or all of the components in their repertoire [28,35,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold call: the acoustic repertoire of Ross Sea killer whales (Orcinus orca,Type C) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

et al. 2020

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Killer whales ( Orcinus orca ) are top marine predators occurring globally. In Antarctic waters, five ecotypes have been described, with Type C being the smallest form of killer whale known. Acoustic recordings of nine encounters of Type C killer whales were collected in 2012 and 2013 in McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea. In a combined 3.5 h of recordings, 6386 killer whale vocalizations were detected and graded based on their signal-to-noise ratio. Spectrograms of the highest-quality calls were examined for characteristic patterns yielding a catalogue of 28 call types (comprising 1250 calls). Acoustic parameters of each call were measured and summarized by call type. Type C killer whales produced complex calls, consisting of multiple frequency-modulated, amplitude-modulated and pulsed components. Often, two components occurred simultaneously, forming a biphonation; although the biphonic components did not necessarily start and end together, with one component lasting over several others. The addition and deletion of components yielded call subtypes. Call complexity appears stable over time and may be related to feeding ecology. Characterization of the Type C acoustic repertoire is an important step for the development of passive acoustic monitoring of the diverse assemblage of killer whale ecotypes in Antarctica's rapidly changing marine ecosystems.

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Killer whale call frequency is similar across the oceans, but varies across sympatric ecotypes

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

A comparison of Northeast Atlantic killer whale (Orcinus orca) stereotyped call repertoires

A comparison of Northeast Atlantic killer whale (Orcinus orca) stereotyped call repertoires

Review of Underwater and In-Air Sounds Emitted by Australian and Antarctic Marine Mammals

Cold call: the acoustic repertoire of Ross Sea killer whales (Orcinus orca,Type C) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

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