Killer immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIR2DL2 and/or KIR2DS2) in presence of their ligand (HLA‐C1 group) protect against chronic myeloid leukaemia

Abstract

We have analysed the frequency of killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in cohorts of patients from Turkey with acute lymphocyte leukaemia (n = 52), acute myeloid leukaemia (n = 54) and chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) (n = 52) and compared the results with 154 controls. We also examined the frequencies of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-C groups, -Bw4, -Bw6 and where appropriate the combination of the KIR gene and its ligand. We found several statistically significant results between the patients and the controls. We proposed a model in CML of protection via KIR2DL2 and/or KIR2DS2 with the presence of the ligand HLA-C1 group and susceptibility via HLA-Bw4 homozygosity (i.e. absence of HLA-Bw6).

The role of KIR genes and their cognate HLA class I ligands in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

“…Carrying 2 copies of the Bw4 allele results in an almost fourfold increased risk of childhood ALL in this ethnic group. Homozygosity for Bw4 has previously been associated with increased risk of chronic myeloid leukemia, with a trend toward increased risk of both acute myeloid leukemia and ALL, 40 and we now provide evidence that this may also play a role in childhood ALL.…”

KIR2DL2/S2 and HLA-C C1C1 genotype is associated with better response to treatment and prolonged survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer in a Polish Caucasian population

“…KIR2DL2/KIR2DS2/C1 combination was protective in chronic myeloid leukemia [25]. Other examples are cited by several comprehensive reviews, e.g., Boyton and Altmann [26] and Purdy and Campbell [27].…”

Study of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genes and human leukocyte antigens class I ligands in a Caucasian Brazilian population with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

“…A recent report in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia also described a protective effect of KIR2DL2 and/or KIR2DS2 in the presence of ligand HLA-C1 and proposes a model of protection [47].…”