Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) Nomenclature Report, 2002

Marsh, Steven G.E.; Parham, Peter; Dupont, Bo; Geraghty, Daniel E.; Trowsdale, John; Middleton, Derek; Vilches, Carlos; Carrington, Mary; Witt, Campbell S.; Guethlein, Lisbeth A.; Shilling, Heather; García, Celsa; Hsu, Katharine C.; Wain, Hester

doi:10.1016/s0198-8859(03)00067-3

Cited by 180 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the assessment of the KIR haplotypes, haplotype B was defined by the presence of one or more of the following genes: KIR2DL5 , 2DS1 , 2DS2 , 2DS3 , 2DS5 , and 3DS1 . Conversely, haplotype A was defined by the absence of all these genes [19]. Four conserved framework genes divide the KIR locus into similarly sized Cen and Tel segments that differ in gene content [8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin–Like Receptor and Human Leukocyte Antigen-C Genotype with Dry Eye Disease in a Chinese Han Population

Ren

Shao²,

Zhuang³

et al. 2012

Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers

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Dry eye is one of the most prevalent eye diseases and dry eye disease (DED) is associated with ocular surface inflammation. The interaction between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) regulates the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and certain T cell subsets in response to inflammation. The objective of this study was to explore whether KIR gene and HLA-C allele polymorphisms were associated with DED in a Chinese Han population. Polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers method was used to genotype KIR genes and HLA-C alleles in 106 DED patients and 220 healthy controls. Framework genes KIR2DL4, KIR3DL2, KIR3DL3, and KIR3DP1 were present in all individuals. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of inhibitory KIR genes between the two groups. However, the frequency of KIR2DS2 was significantly higher in severe DED patients than that in healthy controls (p=0.031, odds ratio [OR]=1.828, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.05-3.17). Significantly different distributions of HLA-C allele groups were not observed in severe DED patients and controls. The frequency of the combination of HLA-C1 allele group with KIR2DS2 was significantly higher in severe DED patients compared with controls (p=0.013, OR=2.083, 95% CI=1.16-3.74). These data suggested that this genotype combination was associated with susceptibility to severe DED and that NK cells might have a role in the pathogenesis of DED. The results led to an interesting future research question of whether or not KIR and HLA-C genotypes were involved in the predisposition to or pathogenesis of DED.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin–Like Receptor and Human Leukocyte Antigen-C Genotype with Dry Eye Disease in a Chinese Han Population

Ren

Shao²,

Zhuang³

et al. 2012

Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers

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show abstract

“…In the assessment of the KIR haplotypes, group B haplotypes were defined by the presence of one or more of the following genes: KIR2DL5, KIR2DS1, KIR2DS2, KIR2DS3, KIR2DS5, and KIR3DS1 (17). Conversely, group A haplotypes were defined by the absence of all these genes.…”

Section: Haplotype Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of KIR Genotypes and Haplotypes with Susceptibility to Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Chinese Han Population

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2008

Cell Mol Immunol

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Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes can regulate the activation of NK and T cells upon interaction with HLA class I molecules. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been regarded as a multi-factorial disorder disease. Previous studies revealed that KIRs were involved in HCV and HIV infection or clearance. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of the inheritance of KIR genotypes and haplotypes as a candidate for susceptibility to persistent HBV infection or HBV clearance. The sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) was employed to identify the KIR genes and pseudogenes in 150 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 251 spontaneously recovered (SR) controls, and 412 healthy controls. The frequencies of genotype G, M, FZ1 increased in CHB patients compared with healthy control subjects. The frequency of genotype AH was higher in SR controls than that in both CHB patients and healthy controls. The carriage frequencies of genotype G and AH were higher; while, the frequencies of AF and AJ were lower in SR controls than those in healthy control subjects. The frequency of A haplotype was lower, whereas, the frequency of B haplotype was higher in CHB patients and SR controls than those in healthy controls. In healthy controls, haplotype 4 was found lower compared with that in CHB patients and SR controls and the frequency of haplotype 5 was higher in SR controls than that in other two groups. Based on these findings, it seems that the genotypes M and FZ1 are HBV susceptive genotypes; AH, on the other hand, may be protective genotypes that facilitate the clearance of HBV. It appears that the haplotype 4 is HBV susceptive haplotype, whereas, haplotype 5 may be the protective haplotype that facilitates the clearance of HBV. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2008;5(6):457-463.

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“…Up to 14 different functional KIR genes have been identified which, as a result of strong interlocus linkage disequilibrium, segregate in two broad haplotypes termed group A and group B [19], [20]. Consequently, association analyses with single KIR genes likely depend on the KIR haplotype in which they occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low CD4+ T Cell Counts among African HIV-1 Infected Subjects with Group B KIR Haplotypes in the Absence of Specific Inhibitory KIR Ligands

et al. 2011

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Natural killer (NK) cells are regulated by interactions between polymorphic killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and human leukocyte antigens (HLA). Genotypic combinations of KIR3DS1/L1 and HLA Bw4-80I were previously shown to influence HIV-1 disease progression, however other KIR genes have not been well studied. In this study, we analyzed the influence of all activating and inhibitory KIR, in association with the known HLA inhibitory KIR ligands, on markers of disease progression in a West African population of therapy-naïve HIV-1 infected subjects. We observed a significant association between carriage of a group B KIR haplotype and lower CD4+ T cell counts, with an additional effect for KIR3DS1 within the frame of this haplotype. In contrast, we found that individuals carrying genes for the inhibitory KIR ligands HLA-Bw4 as well as HLA-C1 showed significantly higher CD4+ T cell counts. These associations were independent from the viral load and from individual HIV-1 protective HLA alleles. Our data suggest that group B KIR haplotypes and lack of specific inhibitory KIR ligand genes, genotypes considered to favor NK cell activation, are predictive of HIV-1 disease progression.

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Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) Nomenclature Report, 2002

Cited by 180 publications

References 34 publications

Association of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin–Like Receptor and Human Leukocyte Antigen-C Genotype with Dry Eye Disease in a Chinese Han Population

Association of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin–Like Receptor and Human Leukocyte Antigen-C Genotype with Dry Eye Disease in a Chinese Han Population

Association of KIR Genotypes and Haplotypes with Susceptibility to Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Chinese Han Population

Low CD4+ T Cell Counts among African HIV-1 Infected Subjects with Group B KIR Haplotypes in the Absence of Specific Inhibitory KIR Ligands

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