Kidney transplantation procedures in rats: Assessments, complications, and management

Pahlavan, Payam S.; Smallegange, Corry; Adams, Michael; Schumacher, Martin

doi:10.1002/micr.20260

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The bladder patch technique has been used in kidney transplantation of animals (4–6); however, to our knowledge this is the first case report of transplanting a vascularized segment of the human urinary bladder. This technique may also be applied in adults who are receiving en bloc kidneys from pediatric donors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Bladder Transplantation with En Bloc Kidney Transplant—The First Case Report of a ‘Bladder Patch Technique’ in a Human

Kato

Selvaggi

Burke

et al. 2008

American Journal of Transplantation

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Transplantation of the urinary bladder has not been reported in humans. We transplanted a portion of the donor bladder with an en bloc kidney graft in a 12-month-old girl. The child had a congenital hypoplastic single kidney with an ectopic ureteral opening into the vagina. Her native bladder was extremely small. Bilateral kidneys were transplanted en bloc with their ureters connected to a patch of the donor bladder, which encompassed the bilateral ureterovesical junctions (UVJs) (bladder patch technique). Approximately one-third of the donor bladder wall was used. The bladder patch reperfused well via blood supply from the ureters. Posttransplant cystoscopy with retrograde cystogram revealed a viable transplanted bladder with normal emptying of transplanted ureters. No reflux across the donor UVJs was seen in a voiding cystourethrogram. The child is doing well with normal renal function at 18-month follow-up.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Bladder Transplantation with En Bloc Kidney Transplant—The First Case Report of a ‘Bladder Patch Technique’ in a Human

Kato

Selvaggi

Burke

et al. 2008

American Journal of Transplantation

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“…The bladder-patch technique affects the rat’s recovery after surgery due to large operative wounds. Without blocking the AO and IVC, vessel and urinary tract reconstruction via end-to-end anastomosis has been widely adopted in experimental research given its high success rate and low complication rate [ 8 ]. Grau et al [ 9 ] harvested two kidneys from one donor and completed rat kidney transplantation using an end-to-end anastomosis technique for the RA, RV and ureter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized method to harvest both kidneys from one donor rat for transplantation

Xue

Cheng

et al. 2018

BMC Surg

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BackgroundRat renal transplantation is an essential experimental model for studies of transplantation immunobiology. Harvesting both kidneys from one donor rat for transplantation is widely used to reduce the number of experimental animals. Using the conventional method, both kidneys of the donor rat are harvested simultaneously, which leads to the prolonged warm ischemic times during transplantation of the second donor kidney. Prolonged warm ischemia time is the main risk factor for delayed graft function.MethodsTwo different approaches are compared. Method 1, conventional method: both kidneys of the donor rat are harvested simultaneously and then transplanted into two recipients. During transplantation, the first and second donor kidneys were regarded as Group 1 and 2, respectively. Method 2, step-by-step method: after left nephrectomy, the donor rat survives, and we perform left renal transplantation (Group 3). Then, the right kidney of the surviving donor rat is incised and transplanted into the left side of the second recipient (Group 4).ResultsThe success rates were 86.7, 93.3, 93.3 and 86.7% in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The warm ischemia times increased significantly in group 2 compared with the other 3 groups (p < 0.05) but differed non-significantly between groups 3 and 4 (p > 0.05). Serum creatinine levels, blood urea nitrogen and 24-h urine protein level obviously increased after kidney transplantation in group 2 compared with other groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionsWe developed an optimized method for reducing warm ischemia time, thereby minimizing delayed graft function.

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“…The transplant was performed first with the arterial anastomosis using the end-in-end sleeve technique in which the recipient renal artery was telescoped into the donor renal artery and then fixed in place with sutures. 11 The donor inferior vena cava was anastomosed end-to-end using a cuff technique. The donor renal vein was passed through and then everted through a cuff.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antithrombin Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles Improve Renal Allograft Function in a Murine Deceased Criteria Donor Model

Vemuri

Upadhya

Arif

et al. 2018

Transplantation Direct

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BackgroundOver 100 000 patients await renal transplantation and 4000 die per year. Compounding this mismatch between supply and demand is delayed graft function which contributes to short-term and long-term graft failures. Previously, we reported that thrombin-targeted perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (PFC-NP) protect kidneys from ischemic renal injury after transient arterial occlusion. Here we hypothesize that perfusion of renal allografts with PFC-NP similarly can protect graft function after an ischemic interval.MethodsAfter 60 minutes of warm ischemia, male Lewis rats underwent left renal explantation followed by renal perfusion with 5 mL of standard perfusate alone (N = 3) or with 0.3 mL of untargeted PFC-NP (N = 5) or 0.3 mL thrombin-targeted of PFC NP functionalized with phenylalanine-proline-arginine-chloromethylketone (PPACK) (PFC-PPACK), an irreversible thrombin inhibitor (N = 5). Kidneys underwent 6 hours of cold storage, followed by transplantation into recipients and native nephrectomy. Animals were euthanized at 24 hours for tissue collection or at 48 hours for blood and renal tissue collection. A survival experiment was performed using the same protocol with saline control (N = 3), PFC-NP (N = 3) or PFC-PPACK (N = 6).ResultsSerum creatinine was improved for the PFC-PPACK groups as compared with control groups (P < 0.04). Kaplan-Meier survival curves also indicated increased longevity (P < 0.05). Blinded histologic scoring revealed markedly attenuated renal damage in the PFC-PPACK group compared to untreated animals (2.75 ± 1.60 versus 0.83 ± 3.89; P = 0.0001) and greater preservation of renal vasculature.ConclusionsThese results validate an NP-based approach to improve renal graft function as antithrombin NPs improved allograft function, decreased renal damage, protected vasculature, and improved longevity.

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Kidney transplantation procedures in rats: Assessments, complications, and management

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Partial Bladder Transplantation with En Bloc Kidney Transplant—The First Case Report of a ‘Bladder Patch Technique’ in a Human

Partial Bladder Transplantation with En Bloc Kidney Transplant—The First Case Report of a ‘Bladder Patch Technique’ in a Human

Optimized method to harvest both kidneys from one donor rat for transplantation

Antithrombin Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles Improve Renal Allograft Function in a Murine Deceased Criteria Donor Model

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