Kidney stones: pathophysiology and medical management

Moe, Orson W.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68071-9

Cited by 866 publications

(708 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…3 The condition causes severe pain and is highly likely to be recurrent. 4 In addition, the presence of kidney stones is strongly related to chronic kidney disease, bone loss and fractures, kidney cancer, coronary heart New knowledge added by this study • Serum creatinine, calcium, and uric acid levels were associated with kidney stone disease. Implications for clinical practice or policy • Male gender, drinking white spirits, and a history of urolithiasis are associated with kidney stone disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Prevalence of kidney stones and associated risk factors in the Shunyi District of Beijing

Jiang¹,

Lh²,

Luo³

et al. 2017

Hong Kong Med J

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Prevalence of kidney stones and associated risk factors in the Shunyi District of Beijing

Jiang¹,

Lh²,

Luo³

et al. 2017

Hong Kong Med J

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“…Most commonly, these stone episodes can cause renal colic resulting in flank or abdominal pain, urinary urgency or frequency, fevers or chills, nausea or vomiting, and gross or microscopic hematuria. 7,8 The incidence of microhematuria and urolithiasis has been estimated to be as high as 90% in the literature and has been theorized to be present when the patient's pain is at its maximum intensity, diminishing to undetectable levels as the pain subsides. 9,10 The absence of hematuria, however, does not always exclude the possibility of urinary lithiasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urolithiasis Location and Size and the Association with Microhematuria and Stone-Related Symptoms

Lallas

Liu

Chiura

et al. 2011

Journal of Endourology

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“…Urinary lithiasis is a common condition currently affecting 4-20% of the world population 1,2 . The risk of a normal adult developing lithiasis ranges from low to high: 1-5% in Asia, 5-9% in Europe, 13% in the US and 20.1% in Saudi Arabia 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and morphological analysis of kidney stones: a double-blind comparative study

et al. 2010

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Purpose:To compare chemical to morphological kidney stone composition analysis based on a sample of 50 stones retrieved from patients at a nephrology service. Methods: The chemical analysis was performed with a Bioclin ® kit, while a 10-mm magnifying glass (10x; Prolabo, Paris, France) was employed in the morphological analysis. Findings obtained with the two methods were compared and classified as concordant (100% agreement), partly concordant (concordant for major components, discordant for minor components) or discordant (discordant for major components). Results: In the chemical analysis, the most commonly observed major component was calcium (70%), followed by oxalate (66%), ammonium (56%), urate (28%) and carbonate (24%). In the morphological analysis, the most commonly observed major components were calcium phosphate and magnesium (32% each), followed by calcium oxalate monohydrate (24%), uric acid and urates (20% each), calcium oxalate dihydrate (18%) and cystine (6%). Infectious kidney stones were identified in 34% and 24% of cases by morphological and chemical analysis, respectively. Thirty-eight percent of the samples were classified as concordant, 52% were partly concordant and 10% were discordant. Conclusion: We suggest kidney stones be routinely submitted to both types of analysis for a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in lithogenesis. Key words: Morphology. Urinary Calculi. Urinary Bladder Calculi. RESUMO Objetivo:Comparar a análise química com a análise morfológica de 50 cálculos urinários provenientes de pacientes em um serviço de nefrologia. Métodos: A análise química foi realizada utilizando o kit da Bioclin ® , enquanto que a morfológica foi realizada com auxílio de uma lupa de 10mm (Prolabo, Paris, France). A comparação entre as técnicas foi classificada em concordante (100% de concordância), parcialmente concordante (componentes majoritários concordantes e minoritários discordantes) e discordante (discordância nos componentes majoritários). Resultados: Na análise química os principais componentes majoritários foram cálcio (70%), oxalato (66%), amônio (56%), urato (28%) e carbonato (24%). Na análise morfológica os principais componentes majoritários foram fosfato cálcico (PCa) e magnesiano-PCa (32%), oxalato de cálcio monohidratado (24%), ácido úrico e uratos (20%), oxalato de cálcio dihidratado (18%) e cistina (6%). Cálculos de infecção foram identificados em 34% e 24% casos pela análise morfológica e química, respectivamente. Concordância total foi observada em 38%, concordância parcial em 52% e discordância em 10%. Conclusão: Sugere-se a utilização simultânea das duas técnicas para melhor compreensão dos mecanismos litogênicos.

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Kidney stones: pathophysiology and medical management

Cited by 866 publications

References 122 publications

Prevalence of kidney stones and associated risk factors in the Shunyi District of Beijing

Prevalence of kidney stones and associated risk factors in the Shunyi District of Beijing

Urolithiasis Location and Size and the Association with Microhematuria and Stone-Related Symptoms

Chemical and morphological analysis of kidney stones: a double-blind comparative study

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