Kidney stones in a Mediterranean population from the south of Spain

Miguel-Elízaga, Irene De; Martínez-Ruiz, Ana; Avilés-Plaza, Francisco; Noguera-Velasco, José Antonio; Martı́nez-Hernández, Pedro; Parra-Pallarés, Soledad

doi:10.1515/cclm.2011.818

Cited by 2 publications

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“…4–9 However, in Mediterranean areas, the percentage of uric acid stones is both higher than the general prevalence of stones and more frequent than in other countries. 10,11 These observations emphasize the link between climate and uric acid stones formation. 12…”

Section: Epidemiology and Etiology Of Uric Acid Stonesmentioning

confidence: 70%

Uric acid nephrolithiasis: An update

Cicerello

2018

Urologia

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Uric acid nephrolithiasis appears to increase in prevalence. While a relationship between uric acid stones and low urinary pH has been for long known, additional association with various metabolic conditions and pathophysiological basis has recently been elucidated. Some conditions such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome disease, excessive dietary intake, and increased endogenous uric acid production and/or defect in ammoniagenesis are associated with low urinary pH. In addition, the phenomenon of global warming could result in an increase in areas with greater climate risk for uric acid stone formation. There are three therapeutic steps to be taken for management of uric acid stones: identification of urinary pH profiles, assessment of urinary volume status, and identification of disorders leading to excessive uric acid production. However, the most important factor for uric acid stone formation is acid urinary pH, which is a prerequisite for uric acid precipitation. This article reviews recent insights into the pathophysiology of uric acid stones and their management.

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Section: Epidemiology and Etiology Of Uric Acid Stonesmentioning

confidence: 70%

Uric acid nephrolithiasis: An update

Cicerello

2018

Urologia

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Prevalence of renal uric acid stones in the adult

Trinchieri

Montanari

2017

Urolithiasis

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The aim of this study was to estimate uric acid renal stone prevalence rates of adults in different countries of the world. PubMed was searched for papers dealing with "urinary calculi and prevalence or composition" for the period from January 1996 to June 2016. Alternative searches were made to collect further information on specific topics. The prevalence rate of uric acid stones was computed by the general renal stone prevalence rate and the frequency of uric acid stones in each country. After the initial search, 2180 papers were extracted. Out of them, 79 papers were selected after the reading of the titles and of the abstracts. For ten countries, papers relating to both the renal stone prevalence in the general population and the frequency of uric stones were available. Additional search produced 13 papers that completed information on 11 more countries in 5 continents. Estimated prevalence rate of uric acid stones was >0.75% in Thailand, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, South Africa (white population), United States and Australia; ranged 0.50-0.75% in Turkey, Israel, Italy, India (Southern), Spain, Taiwan, Germany, Brazil; and <0.50% in Tunisia, China, Korea, Japan, Caribe, South Africa (blacks), India (Northern). Climate and diet are major determinants of uric acid stone formation. A hot and dry climate increases fluid losses reducing urinary volume and urinary pH. A diet rich in meat protein causes low urinary pH and increased uric acid excretion. On the other hand, uric acid stone formation is frequently associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes type 2 that are linked to dietary energy excess mainly from carbohydrate and saturated fat and also present with low urine pH values. An epidemic of uric acid stone formation could be if current nutritional trends will be maintained both in developed countries and in developing countries and the areas of greater climatic risk for the formation of uric acid stones will enlarge as result of the "global warming".

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Kidney stones in a Mediterranean population from the south of Spain

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Uric acid nephrolithiasis: An update

Uric acid nephrolithiasis: An update

Prevalence of renal uric acid stones in the adult

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