Kidney Stones and Cardiovascular Risk: A Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies

Liu, Yanqiong; Li, Shan; Zeng, Zhiyu; Wang, Jian; Xie, Li; Li, Taijie; He, Yu; Qin, Xue; Zhao, Jinmin

doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.03.017

Cited by 63 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Given that several studies have shown an association between urolithiasis and increased cardiovascular risk, we expected a similar association between CVD and urolithiasis; however, the present results showed that CVD was not significantly associated with the episodes of stone formation. A previous study suggested that the impact of CVD on urolithiasis might not be simple, and different between women and men . A meta‐analysis comprising 49 597 patients with kidney stones and 3 558 053 Ctrls suggested a different profile between men and women for urolithiasis and cardiovascular risk .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

“…The present results suggest that the STEP nomogram can predict a potential “stone former” who develops symptomatic stone colic. Urolithiasis has been linked to a wide variety of comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease, HTN, DM, metabolic syndrome and CVD . Although these disorders share common risk factors, the multivariate analysis showed that renal function and DM were significantly associated with urolithiasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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STone Episode Prediction: Development and validation of the prediction nomogram for urolithiasis

et al. 2020

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Objectives To develop and validate a nomogram predicting the occurrence of a stone episode, given the lack of such predicting risk tools for urolithiasis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 1305 patients with urolithiasis and 2800 community‐dwelling individuals who underwent a comprehensive health survey. The STone Episode Prediction nomogram was created based on data from the medical records of 600 patients with urolithiasis and 1300 controls, and was validated using a different population of 705 patients with urolithiasis and 1500 controls. Logistic regression analysis was used to construct a model to predict the potential candidate for a stone episode. The predictive ability of the model was evaluated using the results of the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (area under the curve). Results Age, sex, diabetes mellitus, renal function, serum albumin, and serum uric acid were found to be significantly associated with urolithiasis in the training set and were included in the STone Episode Prediction nomogram. The optimal cut‐off value for the probability of a stone episode using the nomogram was >28% with a sensitivity of 79%, a specificity of 76%, and area under the curve of 0.860. In the validation test, area under the curve for the detection of urolithiasis was 0.815 with a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 63%. Conclusions Herein, we developed and validated the STone Episode Prediction nomogram that can predict a potential candidate for an episode of urolithiasis. This nomogram might be beneficial for the first step in stone screening in individuals with lifestyle‐related diseases.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STone Episode Prediction: Development and validation of the prediction nomogram for urolithiasis

et al. 2020

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“…Renal ischemia is the result of either acute or chronic vascular diseases such as hypertension or coronary heart disease [13,14]. Microvascular impairments result in chronic tissue hypoxia, interstitial inflammation and fibrosis [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renal ischemia can lead to changes of oxygen tension in the renal tissue, thus inducing renal cell injury and dysfunction. It was proposed that vascular etiology is involved in primary stone event; meanwhile, kidney stones were shown to be associated with increased cardiovascular risk, including the risk for incident CHD or stroke [13,14]. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the association of renal tubular injury induced by renal ischemia with oxalate metabolism and CaOx crystal deposition, and further describe the etiology of CaOx stone formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Renal tubular injury induced by ischemia promotes the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in rats with hyperoxaluria

et al. 2016

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Hyperoxaluria and cell injury are key factors in urolithiasis. Oxalate metabolism may be altered by renal dysfunction and therefore, impact the deposition of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals. We investigated the relationship of renal function, oxalate metabolism and CaOx crystal deposition in renal ischemia. One hundred male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. Hyperoxaluria model (Group A and B) was established by feeding rats with 0.75 % ethylene glycol (EG). The left renal pedicle was clamped for 30 min to establish renal ischemia Groups (B and C), while Groups A and D underwent sham operation. Then, serum and urine oxalate (Ox), creatinine (Cr) and urea nitrogen (UN) levels were evaluated by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) and ion mass spectrum (IMS) at days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 14. CaOx crystallization was assessed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). A temporal and significant increase of serum Cr and UN levels was observed in Groups B and C compared to values obtained for Groups A and D (P < 0.05). Ox levels in serum and urine were significantly higher in Groups A and B than in the other two groups from day 7 (P < 0.05). In addition, CaOx crystallization was observed in both Groups A and B, but Group B showed earlier and more pronounced crystal deposition in the renal tissue. Our results indicated that renal tubular injury induced by renal ischemia might not affect Ox levels but could promote CaOx crystal retention under hyperoxaluria.

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“…Eventually atherosclerosis culminates in plaque rupture and thrombosis of vessels with resultant tissue ischemia [Weber and Noels, 2011]. The clinical end points of MI and CVA have been independently linked with USD in adults [Rule et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2014]. Children and young adults with USD also show early signs of atherosclerosis when compared to non-stone forming counterparts [Reiner et al, 2011;Kusumi et al, 2015].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Calcium Oxalate Deposits Induce a Pro-Atherosclerotic and Pro-Osteoporotic Response in Mice

et al. 2017

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Urinary stone disease (USD) is increasing in adult and pediatric populations. Adult and pediatric studies have demonstrated decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture rates. USD has also been independently linked to increased rates of myocardial infarction and cerebral vascular accidents. Although USD is a multisystem disorder involving the kidneys, bone, and vasculature, the molecular mechanisms linking these three organs remain unknown. Calcium oxalate nephropathy was induced in C57BL/6J mice with intra-peritoneal (ip) injection of sodium glyoxolate. Half of each kidney underwent Pizzalato staining and half was snap frozen for RNA extraction. RT Profiler Mouse Atherosclerosis, Osteoporosis, and Calcium Signaling PCR Arrays (Qiagen) were performed. Only results that passed quality checks in PCR array reproducibility and genomic DNA contamination were included. Genes had to show at least fourfold differential expression and P < 0.01 to be considered significant. Atherosclerosis array showed upregulation of 19 genes by fourfold, 10 of which were ≥10-fold. All 19 had P ≤ 0.002. The Osteoporosis array showed fourfold upregulation of 10 genes, five showed >10-fold increase. All 10 have P ≤ 0.003. The calcium signaling array showed significant fourfold upregulation of 10 genes, four of which were ≥10-fold. All 10 have P ≤ 0.03. We have demonstrated that calcium oxalate nephropathy can induce upregulation of atherosclerotic, metabolic bone, and calcium homeostasis genes in a murine model. This may be and initial step in identifying the molecular mechanisms linking stone, bone, and cardiovascular disease. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 2744-2751, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Kidney Stones and Cardiovascular Risk: A Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies

Cited by 63 publications

References 33 publications

STone Episode Prediction: Development and validation of the prediction nomogram for urolithiasis

STone Episode Prediction: Development and validation of the prediction nomogram for urolithiasis

Renal tubular injury induced by ischemia promotes the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in rats with hyperoxaluria

Renal Calcium Oxalate Deposits Induce a Pro-Atherosclerotic and Pro-Osteoporotic Response in Mice

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