Kidney Function in Normal Man During Short-Term Growth Hormone Infusion

Parving, Hans‐Henrik; Noer, Ivan; Ce, Mogensen; Svendsen, P.

doi:10.1530/acta.0.0890796

Cited by 57 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Infusion of GH into normal adult human subjects causes an increase in both glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow. This effect is only found once GH levels have returned to normal, but whilst plasma IGF-I is still elevated, suggesting this effect is indirect (Parving et al 1978).…”

Section: Rationale For the Investigationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Maternal nutrient restriction alters renal development and blood pressure regulation of the offspring

2006

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Studies have shown that the risk of hypertension in adulthood can be affected by the in utero environment. It is established that hypertension is linked to compromised kidney function and that factors affecting organogenesis can increase the risk of later disease. Prostaglandins (PG) and growth factors are known to play an important role in regulating kidney function and renal organogenesis. The extent, however, to which global energy restriction (where all nutrients are reduced) of the mother can programme later blood pressure control or renal PG and growth factor status is unknown. A study is described that aimed to examine the long-term effects of maternal nutrient restriction (NR) and elucidate their relationship with compromised kidney development. First, it was necessary to establish animal models. A sheep model of 50% NR during specific stages of gestation was used to investigate fetal renal development, whilst a rat model of 50% NR throughout pregnancy was used to investigate postnatal kidney development and adult functioning. Molecular analysis has shown that expression of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor (GH-IGF) axis is affected by NR in the fetal sheep kidneys, and that changes are dependent on the timing of NR and whether the fetus is a singleton or a twin. Analysis of the kidneys from the rat model has shown nutritional differences in the expression of PG receptors and the enzymes responsible for PG synthesis and degradation that persist into adulthood. In conclusion, NR does affect the GH-IGF and PG axes, and these changes may be important in the nutritional programming of renal functioning and adult blood pressure control.

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Section: Rationale For the Investigationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Maternal nutrient restriction alters renal development and blood pressure regulation of the offspring

2006

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“…Renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and tubular reabsorption ofphosphate remained stable 2 h after growth hormone administration in normal and thyroparathyroidectomized dogs (17). Similarly, renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate remained stable for 6 h in man after growth hormone administration (5,6,18). However, on the second and third day after a single injection of growth hormone, there was a rise in renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…While chronic growth hormone administration produces renal hemodynamic changes and modulates phosphate transport, acute administration of growth hormone does not produce these changes (5,6,17,18). Renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and tubular reabsorption ofphosphate remained stable 2 h after growth hormone administration in normal and thyroparathyroidectomized dogs (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I on rabbit proximal convoluted tubule transport.

Quigley¹,

Baum

1991

J. Clin. Invest.

114

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This in vitro microperfusion study examined the effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on proximal convoluted tubule (PC1) transport. Tubules were perfused with an ultrafiltrate-like solution and bathed in a serumlike albumin solution. Neither a physiologic (5 X 10-10 M), nor a pharmacologic (5 X 10j-M) dose of growth hormone had an effect on PCT phosphate or bicarbonate transport, or volume absorption. Addition of 5,x 10-9 M and 5 X 108 M IGF

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“…(1974) noted growth hormone concentration to be higher in hypertensive acromegalics. Neither short-term infusion (2 h) of growth hormone nor subcutaneous hormone for 1 week affects blood pressure in normal subjects (Parving et al, 1978; Thuesen et al, 1988). Bolus i.v.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormones and Hypertension

Fraser

Davies

Connell

1989

Clinical Endocrinology

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The importance of changes in hormone secretion in human hypertension is a complex problem and too large to be dealt with in uniform detail in a short review. The subject encompasses not only the effects on blood pressure of primary endocrine disorders but also hormonal changes secondary to increased blood pressure. Some aspects are more fully understood than others and have been the subjects of relatively recent detailed reviews. Where this is the case, the current review has summarized the present position and cited reviews and key papers, in order to reserve space for more controversial and less well understood conditions such as the hypertension of growth hormone, thyroid hormone or glucocorticoid excess. CORTICOSTEROIDSThe human adrenal cortex synthesizes and secretes a large number of steroid hormones, biosynthetically interrelated with each other and with qualitatively and quantitatively different biological activities. The two major categories of compound are the adrenal androgens (androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone) which, as far as is known, are not important in blood pressure control and will not be considered further (although there exist experimental models of hypertension which may be androgendependent), and the corticosteroids. These C21 steroids of the pregnane series exert two main types of action, mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid effects, and excess secretion of either has widespread repercussions, particularly for neuromuscular function and the control of salt and water metabolism. Mineralocorticoids act mainly on the distal nephron via specific receptor activation to promote sodium reabsorption (with associated changes in extracellular fluid and plasma volume) and increased potassium and proton excretion, so that excess activity is characterized by hypokalaemia and a metabolic alkalosis. Aldosterone is the major mineralocorticoid in man but deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and corticosterone also have significant activity. More recently discovered compounds-18-hydroxy DOC, 18-oxocortisol and several compounds modified at position 19 (19-hydroxy or 19-nor)-may also contribute to the total mineralocorticoid action of the adrenocortical secretion (see review by Fraser & Padfield, 1985). Cortisol is the major human glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids promote liver glycogen and protein synthesis but are catabolic in most other tissues, increasing lipolysis and protein R. Fraser et al.breakdown and reducing glucose uptake from the circulation. However, the kidney also possesses specific glucocorticoid receptors and, under experimental conditions, glucocorticoids can be shown to promote both natriuresis and kaliuresis, at least partly by raising glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and also to modulate Na+-H+ exchange in the proximal nephron (Davis & Howell, 1953;Mahnensmith & Aronson, 1985; Kinsella et al., 1985). Excess of either mineralocorticoid or glucocorticoid activity is associated with hypertension.The control of adrenocortical function is similarly complex and the subject of sev...

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Kidney Function in Normal Man During Short-Term Growth Hormone Infusion

Cited by 57 publications

References 2 publications

Maternal nutrient restriction alters renal development and blood pressure regulation of the offspring

Maternal nutrient restriction alters renal development and blood pressure regulation of the offspring

Effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor I on rabbit proximal convoluted tubule transport.

Hormones and Hypertension

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