Kidney Denervation Combined With Elimination of Adrenal–renal Portal Circulation Prevents the Development of Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Abstract

1. Kidney denervation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) during the prehypertensive stage delays and attenuates the development of hypertension. The same results have been obtained after elimination of the adrenal-renal portal circulation (ARPC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of concomitant kidney denervation and elimination of ARPC on hypertension in SHR. 2. Experiments were performed on 6-week-old male SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. In the first group of animals (group I), the ARPC was eliminated by removing the left adrenal gland and the right kidney. In the second group of rats (group II), the right kidney and the right adrenal gland were removed and the left kidney was denervated. In the third group of rats (group III), the right adrenal gland and the left kidney were removed and the right kidney was denervated. In the fourth group of rats (group IV), the right adrenal gland and the right kidney were removed. Group IV served as the control group. Denervations were repeated every 3 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was measured indirectly. 3. Elimination of ARPC (group I) and kidney denervation (group II) delayed and attenuated hypertension to the same degree (163 +/- 5 and 157 +/- 4 mmHg, respectively). Application of the these two methods concomitantly (group III) prevented the development of hypertension (130 +/- 6 mmHg). 4. We conclude that both intact efferent sympathetic renal nerves and adrenal hormones reaching the kidney through the ARPC may be mandatory factors for the development of arterial hypertension in SHR.

Renal Denervation: An Update

“…16 Animal models have demonstrated that renal denervation resulted in decreased sodium and water retention resulting in decreased blood pressures. [17][18][19][20] Finally, rabbit models showed an increase in renal blood flow post renal denervation and rat models demonstrated that wall-to-lumen ratio in renal vasculature was increased in HTN and renal sympathetic denervation reversed this phenomenon demonstrating the significance of sympathetic overactivity in HTN. 21,22 Thus a catheter-based procedure that avoids the serious complications associated with total sympathectomy was devised to target the sympathetic nerves within the renal vasculature.…”

Renal Denervation: Intractable Hypertension and Beyond

“…The important role of the renal SNS (RSNS) in initiation and maintenance of hypertension has been demonstrated in animal experiments and experience in humans either by measuring its activity in hypertensive subjects or by monitoring BP changes after sympathetic manipulation [10,11] .…”

Renal Sympathetic Denervation Therapy for Resistant Hypertension

“…modulate renal SNS activity, without disrupting the innervation of other abdominal or pelvic organs. Supported by data from several experimental models of HTN alongside preclinical confirmation of vascular safety and healing response, [31][32][33][34] percutaneous RSDN has emerged as a viable method of abrogating sympathetic hyperactivation.…”