“…Although how to effectively organize keywords following search advertising structures (i.e., keyword assignment and grouping) is a critical operational-level issue, as far as we are aware, in the literature, less attention has been put to keyword assignment and grouping, except for recent works on keyword grouping (Li & Yang, 2020) and keyword categorization (Krasňanská et al, 2021;Polato et al, 2021).…”