Key to Xenobiotic Carotenoids

Sliwka, Hans‐Richard; Partali, Vassilia

doi:10.3390/molecules17032877

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Review articles have updated the synthetic efforts up to 2009 for general and specific carotenoids . A report on xenobiotic carotenoids described the design of extravagant polyenes inspired in the structure of the natural products …”

Section: Synthesis Of Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions, Therapeutic Applications, and Synthesis of Retinoids and Carotenoids

et al. 2013

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Section: Synthesis Of Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions, Therapeutic Applications, and Synthesis of Retinoids and Carotenoids

et al. 2013

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“…The stability of chlorophylls can be increased by modification of the porphyrin ring, central metal ion substitution, addition or removal of peripheral substituents or aggregation [65,66]. The modification of carotenoids may include cyclisation of one or both ends, attachment of oxygen groups and heteroatoms, generation of aggregates [67]. Another possibility is a controlled assembly of photosynthetic structures by incorporation of desired pigments, polypeptides and other molecules (nanoparticles, nanowires) to the reconstituted complexes, or even use of genetically modified proteins with specifically altered properties.…”

Section: Open Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Energy Driven Nanocommunications With FRET in Photosynthetic Systems

2021

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Chlorophylls and carotenoids, key components of photosynthetic systems, are proposed for molecular communications at the nanoscale with the mechanism of resonance energy transfer. Both types of pigments are introduced focusing on their exceptional properties like energy harvesting, ultra-low energy consumption during transmissions, picoseconds delays, an ability for signal conversions, and biocompatibility. The theoretical considerations are supported by two spectroscopic experiments on the photosystem II complex. The first experiment aims at the description of the photosystem II including calculation of the energy transfer efficiency between carotenoids and chlorophylls. In the second one, the photochemical efficiency is estimated, showing how effective the chlorophylls are in further energy processing. With the experimentally determined values, communication and energetic performance are analyzed, the probability of channel blockage is calculated and the energy consumption per bit is estimated. Treating carotenoid molecules as transmitters, chlorophylls as receivers, and the energy transfer between them as a way to encode information, a throughput up to 1 Gbit/s is achievable with a bit error rate below 10-3 , average transmission delays about 20 ps, and energy consumption c.a. 2.0×10-18 J/bit. These results indicate a high potential of photosynthetic systems for nanocommunications and other related applications, due to suitable energetic characteristics in terms of energy harvesting abilities and low consumption for data transmissions.

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“…40 Many synthetic carotenoids have been introduced in the past few decades including those having non-natural atoms such as sulfur, nitrogen, or phosphorus in their structure. 41 Yet, excited state dynamics of these carotenoids has not been studied, apart from two exceptions featuring nitrogen atoms in their structure. First, ultrafast dynamics of all- trans -7′,7′-dicyano-7′-apo-β-carotene, 42 demonstrating strong effect of the cyano groups on excited state lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%