Key Technologies of WDM-PON for Future Converged Optical Broadband Access Networks [Invited]

Chang, Gee‐Kung; Chowdhury, Arshad; Jia, Zhensheng; Chien, Hung‐Chang; Huang, Ming-Fang; Yu, Jianjun; Ellinas, Georgios

doi:10.1364/jocn.1.000c35

Cited by 236 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several options including the WDM-PONs (Kani, 2010;Grobe and Elbers, 2008), hybrid TDM/WDM-PONs (Hyun et al, 2010), FiWi (Ghazisaidi and Maier, 2011;Tsagklas and Pavlidou, 2011), Advanced Modulation Techniques (AMTs) (Kamijoh et al, 2009;Chang et al, 2009), TDM-Based LR-OANs ( Van de Voorde et al, 2000;Shea and Mitchell, 2007b), TDM/CWDM-Based LR-OANs and TDM/DWDM-Based LR-OANs (Talli and Townsend, 2006;Shea and Mitchell, 2007c;Jung et al, 2012;Syuhaimi et al, 2013) were reviewed. Although many of these proposed architectures are interesting from the technical perspective, the cost, bandwidth per user and the number of accommodated subscribers remain the dominant factors for commercial success.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Reach Optical Access Networks (Lr-Oans): A Promising Candidate for Future Optical Access

Mohamed¹,

Ab-Rahman²

2014

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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The ever-increasing demand for broader bandwidth per user, which results from the continuous development of new bandwidth-hungry services and applications, creates the motivation to upgrade the currently deployed Time-Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Networks (TDM-PONs) to NextGeneration Optical Access Networks (NG-OANs). Beside the need for more bandwidth per user, a further extension in the range and an increase in the split ratio are highly desirable in PONs. These additional requirements can be achieved by adopting so-called Long-Reach Optical Access Networks (LR-OANs). LR-OANs offer a promising solution that ensures a significant number of users can be supported over a longer range. Moreover, they introduce a cost-effective approach in which both the access and metro segments of the telecommunication network are combined into one backhaul segment, which results in the consolidation of many central offices into one trunk-exchange. This cost-effective approach gave us the motivation to provide a comprehensive survey on the LR-OANs. In this study, we first provide a brief review of different potential technologies, proposed for next-generation optical access. We then provide a review of different stat-of-the-art LR-OAN architectures including opportunities and challenges in each one. A comparison among them based on key network specification is also provided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, they lead to increased spectral efficiency, which in turn increases the capacity in the PONs. While the details of these techniques are not provided in this study, reviews can be found in (Kamijoh et al, 2009;Chang et al, 2009). …”

Section: Advanced Modulation Techniques (Ocdma and Oofdm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Reach Optical Access Networks (Lr-Oans): A Promising Candidate for Future Optical Access

Mohamed¹,

Ab-Rahman²

2014

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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“…The frequency spacing is 100 GHZ which defines the type of elements employed in the network and the cost associated with them (Chang et al, 2009). Here, all wavelengths are separated and fed to the power splitter so that signals can be further distributed to eight end users.…”

Section: Hybrid Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid wavelength division multiplexing/time domain multiplexed (WDM/TDM) using radio over fiber technique with 16QAM at 2.5 Gbps

Aldhaibani¹,

Aljunid²,

Fadhil³

et al. 2013

Int. J. Phys. Sci.

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There is growing demand for higher bit rates in the access domain due to the emergence of bandwidthhungry applications such as video-on-Demand and file sharing. Gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) is the most important PON. In a hybrid wave division multiplexing/time division multiplexing (WDM/TDM passive optical network (PON), Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is proposed as a way to achieve the necessary high bit rates. In this paper, 2.5-Gb/s hybrid WDM/TDM downstream link is presented, using radio-over-fiber (RoF) techniques in the GPON network, where 16QAM is used at 2.4 GHz frequency. The result shows a good performance with a distance of 25 km for single mode fiber which serves up to 32 users. The analysis was made based on the performance of eye and constellation diagrams.

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“…Simulations show that the wavelength-mode division multiplexer has a large fabrication tolerance of 30 and 0.5 μm for the length and the width of the device, respectively. A low loss below 0.26 dB for the passive parts of the transmitter is obtained in the whole C-band wavelength range.OCIS codes: 250.5300, 060.4230, 060.4510. doi: 10.3788/COL201614.080601.Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) technology has emerged as an effective solution to increase the fiber capacity in addition to the commonly used technologies, such as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) [1][2][3] , optical time division multiplexing (OTDM), polarization division multiplexing (PDM) [4,5] , and advanced modulation formats. In a typical MDM system, mode conversion and multiplexing are indispensable for the transmitters, where the fundamental laser/fiber mode should be converted to high-order modes and multiplexed into a common output.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) technology has emerged as an effective solution to increase the fiber capacity in addition to the commonly used technologies, such as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) [1][2][3] , optical time division multiplexing (OTDM), polarization division multiplexing (PDM) [4,5] , and advanced modulation formats. In a typical MDM system, mode conversion and multiplexing are indispensable for the transmitters, where the fundamental laser/fiber mode should be converted to high-order modes and multiplexed into a common output.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of an InP-based few-mode transmitter based on multimode interference couplers for wavelength division multiplexing and mode division multiplexing applications

Zuo

et al. 2016

中国光学快报

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An InP-based monolithically integrated few-mode transmitter aiming at the combination of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and mode division multiplexing (MDM) technologies is proposed. The core elements of the proposed transmitter are mode converters and a wavelength-mode division multiplexer that are all based on multimode interference (MMI) couplers. Simulations show that the wavelength-mode division multiplexer has a large fabrication tolerance of 30 and 0.5 μm for the length and the width of the device, respectively. A low loss below 0.26 dB for the passive parts of the transmitter is obtained in the whole C-band wavelength range.OCIS codes: 250.5300, 060.4230, 060.4510. doi: 10.3788/COL201614.080601.Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) technology has emerged as an effective solution to increase the fiber capacity in addition to the commonly used technologies, such as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) [1][2][3] , optical time division multiplexing (OTDM), polarization division multiplexing (PDM) [4,5] , and advanced modulation formats. In a typical MDM system, mode conversion and multiplexing are indispensable for the transmitters, where the fundamental laser/fiber mode should be converted to high-order modes and multiplexed into a common output. Many structures have been proposed to realize mode conversion and multiplexing, which typically includes fiber-based technology [6] , free-space-opticsbased technology [7] , and integrated-waveguide-based technology. In terms of functionality and mass-production capability, integrated waveguide technologies are promising due to their capability to be integrated with other devices on chips. Typical structures used in integrated waveguide technologies include directional couplers [8,9] , adiabatic couplers [10] , and multimode interference (MMI) couplers [11,12] . Due to its large fabrication tolerance and low loss, the MMI-based mode converter-multiplexer will be a potential candidate for integrated few-mode systems. In addition, as a building block for photonic integrated circuit, MMI has been widely adopted in the generic foundry model [13] , enabling a high possibility of large scale integrated with active components.The principle of MMI is based on the self-imaging effect, which can reproduce single or multiple images of the input optical field profile along the propagation of the light [14] .By choosing a proper length, width, and positions of the input and output arms of the MMI, it is possible to realize mode conversion between the fundamental TE 0 mode and the first-order TE 1 mode [15] . Several groups have reported the design and realization of the MMI-based mode converter/(de)multiplexer on silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate [9,11,16] . Thanks to the large wavelength tolerance of the MMI structure, the mode converter/ (de)multiplexer can work in a wide wavelength range, which also indicates a possibility of WDM-compatible functionality. Considering the integration possibility of laser sources, modulators, mode converters, and wavelengthmode divisi...

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Key Technologies of WDM-PON for Future Converged Optical Broadband Access Networks [Invited]

Cited by 236 publications

References 18 publications

Long-Reach Optical Access Networks (Lr-Oans): A Promising Candidate for Future Optical Access

Long-Reach Optical Access Networks (Lr-Oans): A Promising Candidate for Future Optical Access

Hybrid wavelength division multiplexing/time domain multiplexed (WDM/TDM) using radio over fiber technique with 16QAM at 2.5 Gbps

Proposal of an InP-based few-mode transmitter based on multimode interference couplers for wavelength division multiplexing and mode division multiplexing applications

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