This chapter presents results of a study I recently conducted on the role of traditional institutional research (IR) offi ces in support of accreditation activities and institutional effectiveness. The purpose of the study was to confi rm or disconfi rm the utility of a theoretical model developed by Brittingham, O'Brien, and Alig (2008) of the role of IR offi ces in the accreditation process, based on a case study of two-year comprehensive community colleges across the country. Community colleges for the study were selected to capture possible variations based on size and location, including state and regional accrediting agency. All six regional accrediting agencies were represented in the sample, and no more than one institution from a state was included.