“…However, due to the lack of organics in the influent, traditional biological nutrient removal efficiencies are always restricted, and it is difficult to obtain concentrations of N and P in the effluent that meet the discharge standard level Liu et al, 2016). To improve the nutrient removal efficiencies, many strategies have been suggested and attempted, such as changing the traditional treatment processes to deammonification processes, modifying the treatment systems and optimizing the operational parameters to effectively use the carbon sources (Choi et al, 2018;Rikmann et al, 2018;Zekker et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2011). Furthermore, adding external carbon sources is also an efficient method that has been studied widely by researchers in recent years (Choi et al, 2018;Guo et al, 2016;Liu et al 2016).…”