Key factors which influence the success of community forestry in developing countries

Baynes, Jack; Herbohn, John; Smith, C. S.; Fisher, Robert J.; Bray, David Barton

doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.09.011

Cited by 277 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…In the agriculture sector, community supported agriculture initiatives-which reward farmers for stewardship-oriented practices-have emerged over the last few decades (Fish et al 2003;Campbell et al 2014;Raymond et al 2016). Community-based forestry programs have grown in popularity since the 1980s, and have spread from the global south to the global North (McDermott and Schreckenberg 2009;Baynes et al 2015). In urban environments, municipalities can support civic-led efforts or develop and promote initiatives such as community gardening, shellfish re-introductions, tree planting, invasive species removal, and conservation of soil, water and green spaces (Krasny and Tidball 2012;Connolly et al 2014;Krasny et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Stewardship: A Conceptual Review and Analytical Framework

Bennett¹,

Whitty²,

Finkbeiner³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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There has been increasing attention to and investment in local environmental stewardship in conservation and environmental management policies and programs globally. Yet environmental stewardship has not received adequate conceptual attention. Establishing a clear definition and comprehensive analytical framework could strengthen our ability to understand the factors that lead to the success or failure of environmental stewardship in different contexts and how to most effectively support and enable local efforts. Here we propose such a definition and framework. First, we define local environmental stewardship as the actions taken by individuals, groups or networks of actors, with various motivations and levels of capacity, to protect, care for or responsibly use the environment in pursuit of environmental and/or social outcomes in diverse social–ecological contexts. Next, drawing from a review of the environmental stewardship, management and governance literatures, we unpack the elements of this definition to develop an analytical framework that can facilitate research on local environmental stewardship. Finally, we discuss potential interventions and leverage points for promoting or supporting local stewardship and future applications of the framework to guide descriptive, evaluative, prescriptive or systematic analysis of environmental stewardship. Further application of this framework in diverse environmental and social contexts is recommended to refine the elements and develop insights that will guide and improve the outcomes of environmental stewardship initiatives and investments. Ultimately, our aim is to raise the profile of environmental stewardship as a valuable and holistic concept for guiding productive and sustained relationships with the environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Stewardship: A Conceptual Review and Analytical Framework

Bennett¹,

Whitty²,

Finkbeiner³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such ideas and norms have in turn travelled to national levels, where they became embedded in forest law and policy, or strengthened already existing local CFM practices in countries. For example, India, Nepal, Mexico, Bolivia, Kenya and Tanzania have pioneered different forms of CFM from the early 1990s onwards and many countries, from Ethiopia to Albania, followed later (Baynes et al, 2015;Charnley and Poe, 2007).…”

Section: Introduction To Community Forest Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of International Cooperative Initiatives on Biodiversity (ICIBs)

Arts

Buijs²,

Gevers

et al. 2017

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“…Baynes et al (2015) find that socio-economic and gender inequality within communities negatively affects social cohesion, collective governance, and hence the motivation of community members to participate in social forestry initiatives. In the case study, though it was claimed that the SFP followed a bottom-up approach, there was no avenue for including local communities in project planning and design, whether from poor households or the village elite.…”

Section: Lack Of Local Participation In Planning and Decision-makingmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…For successful social forestry initiatives it is necessary to provide an early and regular flow of material benefits to the local participants (Baynes et al 2015). According to Guthiga (2008), providing an alternative income source is a critical factor in the success of social forestry groups.…”

Section: Lack Of Short-and Long-term Materials Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baynes et al (2015), reviewing community forestry programs, highlight differences in socio-economic status and gender inequalities in many societies, arguing that the subordinate position of poor and disadvantaged community members (particularly women) is systemic. These differences fundamentally affect representation, participation, and access to natural resources (Agrawal 2001;Blaikie 2006;Sunam and McCarthy 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collective management of natural resources in a vulnerable environment: case studies from coastal Bangladesh

Afroz¹

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Three-quarters of the poorest households in the world live in rural areas and are dependent on shared access to natural resources for their food security and livelihoods.However, certain features of these natural resources make their management problematic, especially the high degree of interdependence among resource users, creating incentives to overuse resources and underinvest in their sustainability. Hence, much research has focused on the role of collective management of natural resources in supporting sustainable rural livelihoods. This focus has also influenced the design of rural development and conservation programs, assuming that local people who use and rely on natural resources are in the best position to manage them. Yet interventions to promote collective management of natural resources have often failed due to excessively top-down, prescriptive approaches that ignore local institutional contexts. Hence there is a need to understand better the processes of local collective action.These issues are especially relevant in Bangladesh's coastal zone, where pressure on land, water, and other natural resources is intense and increasing. The coastal zone plays an important economic role through crop production and aquaculture, and supports the environmentally-significant Sundarban mangrove forest. Yet it is also highly vulnerable, facing problems of salinization, waterlogging, flooding, riverine erosion, erratic rainfall, sealevel rise, and cyclone-related disasters. Development interventions in this zone have also had mixed consequences. The complex, interrelated nature of land, water, fisheries, forests, and infrastructure, the high degree of interdependence between resource users, and the shared exposure to natural hazards and climate trends mean that local processes of collective action play a crucial role in sustaining lives and livelihoods.The aim of this research was to explore the nature and role of local collective action in managing natural resources and enhancing the livelihood security of rural households and communities in coastal Bangladesh. A version of the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework was used. This provides a general set of interrelated variables to systematically examine a diversity of cases, while allowing for different theoretical explanations in each case. The elements of the Framework are: (1) contextual factors (attributes of resources, attributes of resource users, and governance arrangements); (2) the action arena or "action situation", in which various actors, using their assets and governed by "rules in use", engage in patterns of interaction to pursue their goals; (3) the outcomes of this interaction for (a) resource status and trends, (b) ii livelihood assets and adaptive capacity, and (c) institutional arrangements and governance. The Framework can be applied to different scales and time-frames, encompassing both one-off local episodes of collective action and repeated, long-term interactions leading to institutional change.A qualitative, c...

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Key factors which influence the success of community forestry in developing countries

Cited by 277 publications

References 99 publications

Environmental Stewardship: A Conceptual Review and Analytical Framework

Environmental Stewardship: A Conceptual Review and Analytical Framework

The Impact of International Cooperative Initiatives on Biodiversity (ICIBs)

Collective management of natural resources in a vulnerable environment: case studies from coastal Bangladesh

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