Key Challenges in Advancing an Ecosystem-Based Approach to Marine Spatial Planning Under Economic Growth Imperatives

Lombard, Amanda T.; Dorrington, Rosemary A.; Reed, Jodie; Ortega-Cisneros, Kelly; Penry, Gwenith S.; Pichegru, Lorien; Smit, Kaylee P.; Vermeulen, Estee; Witteveen, Minke; Sink, Kerry; McInnes, Alistair; Ginsburg, Tayla

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00146

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Effective implementation of policies remains a challenge in South Africa, as is the case in many areas of the world (e.g., Lombard et al, 2019;Taljaard et al, 2019;Alves et al, 2020;Reed et al, 2020). Some of the common challenges faced to achieve effective implementation are related to limitations in climate change knowledge, institutional capacity, funding and awareness mechanisms, and coordination among and within government institutions (Spires et al, 2014;Totin et al, 2015;Ampaire et al, 2016;Taljaard et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing South Africa’s Potential to Address Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in the Fisheries Sector

et al. 2021

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The marine fisheries sector is one of the most important income sectors in South Africa and plays an important role in food security for small-scale and subsistence fishers. Climate-driven impacts have resulted in distribution shifts and declines in abundance of important fisheries targets, with negative consequences to the users dependent on these resources. The sustainability of the sector depends on its readiness to adapt to climate change. The inclusion of climate change impacts and adaptation in fisheries management documents in South Africa is essential to ensure adequate climate adaptation responses are implemented at the short- and long-term. This study aims to 1) determine if the relevant fisheries national management documents address climate change and adaptation, 2) determine if the relevant national climate change documents address climate change and adaptation in the fisheries sector and 3) evaluate the extent to which fisheries management documents address climate change and adaptation. A content analysis of fisheries management and climate change documents was carried out to determine if they incorporated information on climate change impacts and adaptation and marine fisheries respectively. Fisheries management documents were then screened against nine pre-determined criteria (or themes) based on climate change adaptation to determine the level of inclusion of best practice for climate change adaptation. Results indicate that climate change impacts and adaptation are rarely incorporated in the main fisheries management documents, except for the Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Plan for the agriculture, fisheries and forestry sectors. However, this document is still waiting to be adopted. The only direct reference identified in all the fisheries documents that supports climate change adaptation was ‘conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity’. With regards to indirect references to climate change adaptation, ‘equity,’ ‘participatory management,’ and ‘capacity building’ were most frequently incorporated in fisheries management documents. There is a need to explicitly incorporate information on climate change impacts and adaptation in South African fisheries management documents and increase the human and financial capacity at national institutions to ensure that the fisheries sector can adequately adapt to climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing South Africa’s Potential to Address Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in the Fisheries Sector

et al. 2021

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“…Marine spatial planning is a practical approach to ecosystem‐based management (e.g., Lombard et al. ) that examines all interactions within an ecosystem, rather than considering single issues, species, or ecosystem services in isolation (Ehler & Douvere ). For penguins, this process should identify stakeholders to help map and resolve conflicts and incorporate conventional fisheries management tools, seasonal fisheries closures, and corridors that include migratory routes (e.g., Trathan et al.…”

Section: Conservation and Research Needs For All Penguinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying science to pressing conservation needs for penguins

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et al. 2019

Conservation Biology

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More than half of the world's 18 penguin species are declining. We, the Steering Committee of the International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission Penguin Specialist Group, determined that the penguin species in most critical need of conservation action are African penguin (Spheniscus demersus), Galápagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus), and Yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes). Due to small or rapidly declining populations, these species require immediate scientific collaboration and policy intervention. We also used a pairwise-ranking approach to prioritize research and conservation needs for all penguins. Among the 12 cross-taxa research areas we identified, we ranked quantifying population trends, estimating demographic rates, forecasting environmental patterns of change, and improving the knowledge of fisheries interactions as the highest priorities. The highest ranked conservation needs were to enhance marine spatial planning, improve stakeholder engagement, and develop disaster-management and species-specific action plans. We concurred that, to improve the translation of science into effective conservation for penguins, the scientific community and funding bodies must recognize the importance of and support long-term research; research on and conservation of penguins must expand its focus to include the nonbreeding season and juvenile stage; marine reserves must be designed at ecologically appropriate spatial and temporal scales; and communication between scientists and decision makers must be improved with the help of individual scientists and interdisciplinary working groups.

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“…Building on a long history of terrestrial conservation planning, South Africa has been undertaking marine biodiversity mapping, spatial assessment and systematic conservation planning since 2004 (see for example, Lombard et al, 2007Lombard et al, , 2019Harris et al, 2019). Here, we share experience from two National Biodiversity Assessments 3 ; a 12-year process to develop a representative MPA network (Sink et al, 2012;Sink, 2016); and 4 years of work to support new national MSP legislation.…”

Section: Strategic Mapping Products Can Facilitate Decision-making Ammentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Approaches and Advances in Spatial Tools to Achieve Multi-Objective Marine Spatial Planning

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Marine spatial planning (MSP) processes seek to better manage ocean spaces by balancing ecological, social and economic objectives using public and participatory processes. To meet this challenge, MSP approaches and tools have evolved globally, from local to national scales. At two International Marine Conservation Congresses (2016 and 2018), MSP practitioners and researchers from diverse geographic, technical and socioeconomic contexts met to share advances in practical approaches and spatial tools to achieve multi-objective MSP. Here we share the lessons learned and commonalities that emerged from studies conducted in Belize, Canada, South Africa, Seychelles, the United Kingdom and the United States on a number of topics related to advancing MSP. We identify seven important themes that we believe are broadly relevant to any multi-objective MSP process: (1) indigenous and local knowledge should inform planning goals and objectives; (2) transparent and evidence-based approaches can reduce user conflict; (3) simple ecosystem service models and scenarios can facilitate multi-objective planning; (4) trade-off analyses can help balance diverse objectives; (5) ecosystem services may assist planning for high value-data poor Blue Economy sectors; (6) game theoretic decision rules can help to deliver fair, equitable and win-win spatial allocation solutions; and (7) strategic mapping products can facilitate decision making amongst stakeholders from different sectors. Some of these themes are evident in MSP processes that have been completed in the previous decade, but the fast-evolving field of MSP is addressing increasingly more complex objectives, and practitioners need to respond with practical approaches and spatial tools that can address this complexity.

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Key Challenges in Advancing an Ecosystem-Based Approach to Marine Spatial Planning Under Economic Growth Imperatives

Cited by 25 publications

References 70 publications

Assessing South Africa’s Potential to Address Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in the Fisheries Sector

Assessing South Africa’s Potential to Address Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in the Fisheries Sector

Applying science to pressing conservation needs for penguins

Practical Approaches and Advances in Spatial Tools to Achieve Multi-Objective Marine Spatial Planning

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