Keratitis due to<i>Colletotrichum dematium</i>- A case report

Mendiratta, DK; Thamke, D; Shukla, AK; Narang, P

doi:10.4103/0255-0857.13876

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…have gained importance as human pathogens causing keratitis (8, 13-15, 17, 21, 23, 26, 27, 30, 38, 40, 41). Of 66 currently known species, C. dematium has been reported from most human cases (5,8,10,13,15,17,21,32). Other rare species implicated in human infections include C. gloeosporioides (20,23,40), Glomerulla cingulata (teleomorph state of C. gloeosporioides) (30), C. graminicola (26,41), and C. coccodes (18,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Colletotrichum spp. usually enter tissue by trauma caused by vegetable matter or the contamination of a wound with soil (8,15,20,21,24). The traumatic implantation is important for the initiation of infection, as the conidia are contained in the asexual fruiting body (acervular conidiomata) and are not freely released.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the Colletotrichum keratitis patients received oral and topical fluconazole. There is no consensus on the medical therapy of Colletotrichum ophthalmic infection in the literature (8,14,21). In a 21-year-long study, good response to natamycin was noted in nine patients despite exhibiting high minimum FIG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter group of infections generally are reported in immunocompromised hosts (4). The species implicated in human infections include C. dematium (5,8,10,13,15,17,21,32), C. coccodes (reported as C. atramentarium) (18,24,27), C. gloeosporioides (8,20,23,24,30,40), C. graminicola (26,41), C. crassipes (4), C. capsicii (38) (currently named C. truncatum) (7), and an unknown species (8,22). Only a few cases of C. dematium eye infections are reported from India (5, 13-15, 21, 32).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Colletotrichum truncatum: an Unusual Pathogen Causing Mycotic Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Shivaprakash¹,

Appannanavar²,

Dhaliwal³

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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In recent years, the well-known plant pathogens of the Colletotrichum genus were increasingly reported to cause ophthalmic infections in humans. Among 66 species in the Colletotrichum genus, only a few are known to be pathogenic for humans. We report here five cases of ophthalmic infections due to Colletotrichum truncatum, a species never reported earlier to cause human infection. The isolates were identified by morphological characteristics and the sequencing of internal spacer regions of ribosomal DNA. The progress of lesions in those patients was slow compared to that of lesions caused by Aspergillus or Fusarium infections. The surgical management included total penetrating keratoplasty in patients with keratitis and pars plana vitrectomy in endophthalmitis. Two patients were treated additionally with intravitreal amphotericin B deoxycholate, one patient with oral itraconazole, and another patient with oral and topical fluconazole therapy. The present series therefore highlights the expanding spectrum of agents causing eye infections and the inclusion of C. truncatum as a human pathogen.Colletotrichum species are well-known plant pathogens in tropical and subtropical countries. The taxonomy and nomenclature of Colletotrichum species are confusing, even to scientists working in this field (11). Initially, the species were identified by the characteristic host specificity, location of isolation, and conidial morphology. Subsequently, based on morphological characteristics, host range (of plants), and phylogenetic analysis, the fungi in the genus Colletotrichum were systematically classified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colletotrichum truncatum: an Unusual Pathogen Causing Mycotic Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Shivaprakash¹,

Appannanavar²,

Dhaliwal³

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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“…(7), and Nattrassia mangiferae (5). The genus Colletotrichum is reported in 33 patients with keratitis from South India (4) and in one case from West India (4,8). These ulcers were effectively treated with a combined therapy of natamycin and/or amphotericin B with azole, 5-flucytosine or ciprofloxacin, and natamycin and ciprofloxacin.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Scleral Keratitis Caused by Phomopsis phoenicicola

Gajjar¹,

Pal²,

Parmar³

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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We report a case of scleral keratitis caused by Phomopsis phoenicicola. Pterygium surgery was a predisposing factor, and the patient was treated with natamycin and fluconazole eye drops and oral fluconazole. The fungus was identified by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the fungal ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus and confirmed on the basis of its typical pycnidia and conidia. CASE REPORTA 48-year-old postman presented with a history of pain, redness, and watering in his right eye since 6 weeks previously. He had undergone pterygium surgery in the same eye 6 weeks ago. The details of the surgical technique and the use of mitomycin C were not available. On examination, his uncorrected visual acuity was just light perception and projection in the right eye and 6/9 in the left eye. Slit lamp examination of the right eye showed a significant area of infiltration (3 to 5 mm) involving the peripheral cornea from the nasal side and extending toward the limbus temporally and superiorly. There was stromal infiltrate surrounding the descemetocele, blood pigments on the endothelium, and a corneal abscess with central thinning. Scleral necrosis and thinning nasally in the area of the pterygium excision were also seen. Diffused stromal haze and significant anterior chamber inflammation with 2-mm hypopyon were evident (Fig. 1A).Corneal scraping material obtained from the infected area was viewed microscopically using a potassium hydroxide (10% KOH)-calcofluor white preparation and Gram staining. It was inoculated on blood agar, potato dextrose agar (PDA), and tryptone soy broth (Himedia Labs Ltd., Mumbai, India) and incubated under appropriate atmospheric conditions. Examination of 10% KOH mounts showed numerous septate and branched hyphae (Fig. 1B).Antifungal treatment was initiated with topical natamycin eye drops (Natamet; 5% suspension; Sun Pharmaceuticals Ind Ltd., Halol, India), moxifloxacin eye drops (Vigamox; 0.5% suspension; Alcon Laboratories Inc., Texas), and fluconazole eye drops (Zocon; 0.3% suspension; FDC Ltd., Aurangabad, India) hourly and atropine eye drops (0.1% suspension; Taj Pharma Ltd., Mumbai, India) three times a day. The patient was also prescribed Iopar tablets (250 mg to reduce intraocular pressure [IOP]) and an antifungal tablet (fluconazole; 150 mg) once daily.The corneal scrapings inoculated onto the PDA and blood agar showed the presence of several colonies of a single fungus within 2 days. Fourteen days later, the lesion improved with a decrease in hypopyon. The natamycin and fluconazole therapy was reduced to every 2 h, and tablet fluconazole was continued. Further improvements were noted, and after 1 month the lesion had healed. The infection subsided in 2 months, following which all the medications were discontinued. The patient was left with a scar on the cornea and a best-corrected vision of 6/12.Mycologic studies. The isolate (ICIRC-CC58) was subcultured on PDA and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) (Himedia Labs Ltd., Mumbai, India) and incubated at 25°C and 37°C. Growth ...

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Epidemiology of Superficial Fungal Infections in Asia

Rudramurthy

Shaw

2019

Clinical Practice of Medical Mycology in Asia

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Keratitis due toColletotrichum dematium- A case report

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Colletotrichum truncatum: an Unusual Pathogen Causing Mycotic Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Colletotrichum truncatum: an Unusual Pathogen Causing Mycotic Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Fungal Scleral Keratitis Caused by Phomopsis phoenicicola

Epidemiology of Superficial Fungal Infections in Asia

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