Keratins of the human occipital hair medulla: androgenic regulation of<i>in vitro</i>hair keratin K37 expression

Yoshida, Hiroshi; Taguchi, Hiroyuki; Kitahara, Takashi; Takema, Y.; Visscher, Marty O.; Schweizer, Jürgen; Langbein, Lutz

doi:10.1111/bjd.12278

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the type I hair keratin hHa7 and the AR are co-expressed in the medulla of male and female sexual hairs, and the expression of hHa7 appears to be directly regulated by androgens through three putative ARE motifs in its promoter [69]. Recently, the same group reported the in vitro androgenic regulation of this keratin in human occipital hair medulla, and a slight upregulation of AR expression in the nuclei of DPC and the cells of lower medulla of DHT-treated hair follicles [76].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgens and androgen receptor action in skin and hair follicles

Ceruti

Leirós

Balañá

2018

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

141

140

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Beyond sexual functions, androgens exert their action in skin physiology and pathophysiology. Skin cells are able to synthesize most active androgens from gonadal or adrenal precursors and the enzymes involved in skin steroidogenesis are implicated both in normal or pathological processes. Even when the role of androgens and androgen receptor (AR) in skin pathologies has been studied for decades, their molecular mechanisms in skin disorders remain largely unknown. Here, we analyze recent studies of androgens and AR roles in several skin-related disorders, focusing in the current understanding of their molecular mechanisms in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). We review the molecular pathophysiology of type 2 5α-reductase, AR coactivators, the paracrine factors deregulated in dermal papillae (such as TGF-β, IGF 1, WNTs and DKK-1) and the crosstalk between AR and Wnt signaling in order to shed some light on new promising treatments.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgens and androgen receptor action in skin and hair follicles

Ceruti

Leirós

Balañá

2018

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

141

140

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“…The expression of KRT37 is controlled by three androgen response elements, and transcript levels can serve as an androgen/androgen receptor signaling proxy [102][103][104][105]. GBM tumor levels of KRT37 are highly correlated with Treg infiltration.…”

Section: Androgen and Estrogen Reporters And Macrophage Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hijacking Sexual Immuno-Privilege in GBM—An Immuno-Evasion Strategy

Sharpe

Baskin

Jenson

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are immunosuppressive T-cells, which arrest immune responses to ‘Self’ tissues. Some immunosuppressive Tregs that recognize seminal epitopes suppress immune responses to the proteins in semen, in both men and women. We postulated that GBMs express reproductive-associated proteins to manipulate reproductive Tregs and to gain immune privilege. We analyzed four GBM transcriptome databases representing ≈900 tumors for hypoxia-responsive Tregs, steroidogenic pathways, and sperm/testicular and placenta-specific genes, stratifying tumors by expression. In silico analysis suggested that the presence of reproductive-associated Tregs in GBM tumors was associated with worse patient outcomes. These tumors have an androgenic signature, express male-specific antigens, and attract reproductive-associated Related Orphan Receptor C (RORC)-Treg immunosuppressive cells. GBM patient sera were interrogated for the presence of anti-sperm/testicular antibodies, along with age-matched controls, utilizing monkey testicle sections. GBM patient serum contained anti-sperm/testicular antibodies at levels > six-fold that of controls. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are associated with estrogenic tumors which appear to mimic placental tissue. We demonstrate that RORC-Tregs drive poor patient outcome, and Treg infiltration correlates strongly with androgen levels. Androgens support GBM expression of sperm/testicular proteins allowing Tregs from the patient’s reproductive system to infiltrate the tumor. In contrast, estrogen appears responsible for MDSC/TAM immunosuppression.

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“…Moreover, while it is now understood that, regarding cell cycle activity, even telogen HFs are far less ‘quiescent’ than long assumed (at least in the mouse) , the cell cycle dynamics of human telogen HFs remain to be systematically characterized . Thus, our basic understanding of human HF cell cycle dynamics stands in stark contrast to our knowledge of the human HF's expression of differentiation‐associated proteins, most prominently HF‐associated keratins . The current Methods Review hopes to encourage other colleagues in the field to help close these important gaps in our understanding of human HF biology by applying the methods recommended below.…”

Section: Proliferation Dynamics In the Human Hair Follicle: Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A primer for studying cell cycle dynamics of the human hair follicle

Purba

Brunken

Hawkshaw

et al. 2016

Experimental Dermatology

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Abstract:The cell cycle is of major importance to human hair follicle (HF) biology. Not only is continuously active cell cycling required to facilitate healthy hair growth in anagen VI HFs, but perturbations in the cell cycle are likely to be of significance in HF pathology (i.e. in scarring, non-scarring, chemotherapy-induced and androgenic alopecias). However, cell cycle dynamics of the human hair follicle (HF) are poorly understood in contrast to what is known in mouse. The current Methods Review aims at helping to close this gap by presenting a primer that introduces immunohistological/immunofluorescent techniques to study the cell cycle in the human HF. Moreover, this primer encourages the exploitation of the human HF as a powerful and clinically relevant tool to investigate mammalian cell cycle biology in situ. To achieve this, we describe methods to study markers of general 'proliferation' (nuclei count, Ki-67 expression), apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling, cleaved caspase 3), mitosis (phospho-histone H3, 'pS780'), DNA synthesis (5-ethynyl-2 0 -deoxyuridine) and cell cycle regulation (cyclins) in the human HF. In addition, we provide specific examples of dual immunolabelling for instructive cell cycle analyses and for investigating the cell cycle behaviour of specific HF keratinocyte subpopulations, such as keratin 15+ stem/ progenitor cells.

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Keratins of the human occipital hair medulla: androgenic regulation ofin vitrohair keratin K37 expression

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Androgens and androgen receptor action in skin and hair follicles

Androgens and androgen receptor action in skin and hair follicles

Hijacking Sexual Immuno-Privilege in GBM—An Immuno-Evasion Strategy

A primer for studying cell cycle dynamics of the human hair follicle

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