Keratinophilic Fungi Distribution, Pathogenicity and Biotechnological Potentials

Verekar, Shilpa A.; Deshmukh, S. K.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-4768-8_6

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…The infectious agent described here could originate also from soil or a non‐animal environment which could be an additional reservoir of T mentagrophytes in India . There are different reports of T mentagrophytes in soil, in particular in India, which support this hypothesis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…The infectious agent described here could originate also from soil or a non-animal environment which could be an additional reservoir of T mentagrophytes in India. 30 There are different reports of T mentagrophytes in soil, in particular in India, which support this hypothesis. [31][32][33] Interestingly, the vast majority of cats with dermatophytoses caused by T mentagrophytes were found to be strictly outdoors and presumably hunters in Europe.…”

Section: Trichophyton Mentagrophytes From Soil?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The current Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis due toTrichophyton mentagrophytes—A molecular study

Nenoff¹,

Verma²,

Vasani³

et al. 2019

Mycoses

188

216

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Summary The disease burden of chronic‐relapsing and therapy‐refractory superficial dermatophytosis dramatically increased in India within the past 5‐6 years. In order to evaluate the prevalence of this trend, 201 skin scrapings were collected from patients from all parts of India and were tested for dermatophytes using both fungal culture and a PCR‐ELISA directly performed with native skin scrapings. Fungal culture material was identified by genomic Sanger sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the translation elongation factor (TEF)‐1α gene. In total, 149 (74.13%) out of the 201 samples showed a dermatophyte‐positive culture result. Out of this, 138 (92.62%) samples were identified as Trichophyton (T.) mentagrophytes and 11 (7.38%) as Trichophyton rubrum. The PCR‐ELISA revealed similar results: 162 out of 201 (80.56%) samples were dermatophyte‐positive showing 151 (93.21%) T mentagrophytes‐ and 11 (6.79%) T rubrum‐positive samples. In this study, we show for the first time a dramatic Indian‐wide switch from T rubrum to T mentagrophytes. Additionally, sequencing revealed a solely occurring T mentagrophytes “Indian ITS genotype” that might be disseminated Indian‐wide due to the widespread abuse of topical clobetasol and other steroid molecules mixed with antifungal and antibacterial agents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Trichophyton Mentagrophytes From Soil?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The current Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis due toTrichophyton mentagrophytes—A molecular study

Nenoff¹,

Verma²,

Vasani³

et al. 2019

Mycoses

188

216

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“…Auxarthron alboletum has been reported in several occasions as a soil-borne fungus [7,15]. Our report is the first cause of onychomycosis with A. alboluteum as a causal agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Auxarthron alboluteum related to non-dermatophytic toenail infection in Kurdistan region, Iraq: A case report

Gharib

Abdullah

2019

Medical Mycology Case Reports

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We report a rare case of non-dermatophytic onychomycosis of the big toenail caused by Auxarthron alboluteum in a 63-years old Iraqi female with a history of diabetes. The big toenail showed distal subungual onychomycosis with extensive yellow-white discoloration. Identification of the causative agent was confirmed by morphological and microscopical characteristics in culture and analysis of ITS-rDNA region. To the best of our knowledge, the isolated Auxarthron alboluteum reported here is a new etiologic species of nail infection in Iraq and this is the first case of its kind to be reported in the world.

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“…The most likely source of S. brevicaulis in eggs and larvae is from exposure of adult winter ticks to contaminated moose fur and skin. Animals acquire this fungus from exposure to soil where S. brevicaulis functions as a saprobe (Sharma and Choudhary 2014 ; Verekar and Deshmukh 2017 ; Zhang et al. 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical transmission of the entomopathogenic soil fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis as a contaminant of eggs in the winter tick, Dermacentor albipictus, collected from calf moose (New Hampshire, USA)

et al. 2019

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Moose naturally acquire soil fungi on their fur that are entomopathogenic to the winter tick, Dermacentor albipictus . Presumed to provide a measure of on-host tick control, it is unknown whether these soil fungi impact subsequent off-host stages of the tick. Eggs and resultant larvae originating from engorged, adult female winter ticks collected from dead calf moose ( Alces alces ) were used to investigate the presence and extent of fungal infection. Approximately 40% of eggs and larvae were infected, almost exclusively by the fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (teleomorph Microascus brevicaulis : Microascaceae, Ascomycota). Eggs analysed on the day of oviposition and day of hatching had high frequency (40%) of S. brevicaulis , whereas the frequency in eggs harvested in utero was minimal (7%); therefore, exposure occurs pre-oviposition in the female’s genital chamber, not by transovarial transmission. At hatching, larvae emerge containing S. brevicaulis indicating transstadial transmission. Artificial infection by topical application of eggs and larvae with a large inoculum of S. brevicaulis spores caused rapid dehydration, marked mortality; pathogenicity was confirmed by Koch’s postulates. The high hatching success (>90%) and multi-month survival of larvae imply that S. brevicaulis is maintained as a natural pathobiont in winter ticks.

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Keratinophilic Fungi Distribution, Pathogenicity and Biotechnological Potentials

Cited by 8 publications

References 119 publications

The current Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis due toTrichophyton mentagrophytes—A molecular study

The current Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis due toTrichophyton mentagrophytes—A molecular study

Auxarthron alboluteum related to non-dermatophytic toenail infection in Kurdistan region, Iraq: A case report

Vertical transmission of the entomopathogenic soil fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis as a contaminant of eggs in the winter tick, Dermacentor albipictus, collected from calf moose (New Hampshire, USA)

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