Kenya: A Study in Physical and Human Geography

Ojany, Francis F.; Ogendo, R. B.

doi:10.2307/1796042

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Since that time, the Suguta Valley has been filled multiple times by palaeo‐lakes several hundred metres deep and thus flooding the studied region (e.g., Junginger et al, 2014). However, today, the Suguta Valley constitutes the most arid environment in Kenya (Ojany & Ogenoo, 1973) and is probably the most arid locality on Earth in the immediate vicinity of the equator, with daily air temperatures between 30 and 50°C, annual precipitation less than 300 mm and an evaporation of 3,000–4,000 mm (Garcin et al, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedimentary ancient DNA of rotifers reveals responses to 200 years of climate change in two Kenyan crater lakes

et al. 2023

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Sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) has proven to be a useful tool for palaeoenvironmental studies, but only a handful of studies exist so far for tropical regions. In this study we used sedaDNA to study the temporal succession of Brachionus spp. rotifer mitochondrial DNA haplotypes using two sediment cores from two climatically different alkaline‐saline crater lakes from the Kenyan Rift Valley. Data were retrieved from a sediment core (dating back to AD 1800) from Lake Kageinya, located in the remote, hot and hyper‐arid Suguta Valley. sedaDNA was used to study the temporal succession of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes of Brachionus spp. rotifers. The results were compared to previously published data from Lake Sonachi, a well‐studied lake in the humid and colder mountainous region of Kenya near the town of Naivasha, now supported by a 210Pb age chronology. Both records extend back before the onset of substantial anthropogenic impact in these regions. The results revealed that climate—rather than anthropogenic impact—was most strongly correlated with haplotype changes in both lakes. During prolonged dry periods (such as from AD 1910 to the late AD 1960s), certain haplotypes persisted. Sudden changes and the emergence of alter native haplotypes were observed when climate became more humid or during episodes of highly variable climate (before AD 1910 and from AD 1960s onwards). Progressive changes in prevailing haplotypes during periods with variable climate could reflect local adaptation and/or be the result of immigration of new haplotypes after the eradication of previous populations during extreme environmental conditions (high temperatures, UV irradiation, pH and salinity). The results indicate that, despite adverse chemical conditions, sedaDNA in tropical lake sediments is preserved for at least a few hundred years. Therefore, its analysis provides a useful complementary palaeoenvironmental proxy for palaeolimnological reconstructions and novel insights on changes in rotifer populations through time.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(6) AD 1977-1978: Wet period (Verschuren, 1999. (7) AD 1972-1973and AD 1975-1976: Drought period and high salinities at Lake Sonachi (e.g., Campbell, 1984;Vareshi & Vareshi, 1984). (8) AD 1961AD -1963 wet period, "Uhuru rains", flooding of Kenyan lakes, AD 1962 Lake Sonachi (e.g., Gaudet & Melack, 1981).…”

Section: Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary ancient DNA of rotifers reveals responses to 200 years of climate change in two Kenyan crater lakes

et al. 2023

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“…The very causation of the dryness is naturally the dry N.E. Winds that have blown through the dry Somali Land and also probably human activities like overgrazing of the already fragile land by the pastoralists contribute towards adding to the dryness (Ojany and Ogendo, 1973).…”

Section: On Climate Change Adaptation or Coping Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dry N.E. Region of Kenya has been experiencing repeated recurrence of drought for example 1960/1961, 1973/1974, 1979, 1980/1981, 1983/84, 1990/1992, 1995/1996, 1999-2000, 2004/2006, 2005-2009/2011(ICRAF, 2023.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Climate Change on Health and Livelihoods of Pastoral Communities in Kenya: A Case of North Eastern Region

Wanjara,

Ogembo

2023

IJSEI

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The geospatial locale of the North Eastern Region naturally experiences dryness which when coupled with climate change poses a big threat to the livelihood and health of the communities therein. The region has of late experienced prolonged drought with serious ramifications on the health of the surrounding communities together with their livestock. The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of climate change on the livelihoods and health of the Pastoral communities in N.E Kenya. The objectives of the study were: to establish how climate change affects the livelihoods of the pastoral communities; to establish the effect of climate change on the health of the pastoral communities in Kenya and to establish the appropriate intervention measures that could be put in place to address the climate change issues with its ramifications on the pastoralists in Kenya. The findings show that climate change has negative impacts on the health and socio-economic livelihoods of the pastoralists. The study used an empirical literature review adopting a meta-analytical approach. The study has implications on the policy directions on how to deal with the impacts of climate change on pastoralists, towards helping them adapt to the situation with resilience, while ensuring their welfare is guaranteed.

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“…Dunkley et al (1993) concluded that the groundwater outflow of the lake was between 30 and 100 hm 3 . On the other hand, only the Molo and Perkerra rivers supply around 170 hm 3 (data from Ojany and Ogendo (1973) reported in Tarits et al (2006)). Adding some ephemeral streams, groundwater and hydrothermal sources, a total inflow of about 250 hm 3 was estimated.…”

Section: Geochemical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hydrochemical evolution of alkaline volcanic lakes: a model to understand the South Atlantic Pre-salt mineral assemblages

Mercedes‐Martín¹,

Ayora

Tritlla

et al. 2019

Earth-Science Reviews

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Kenya: A Study in Physical and Human Geography

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Sedimentary ancient DNA of rotifers reveals responses to 200 years of climate change in two Kenyan crater lakes

Sedimentary ancient DNA of rotifers reveals responses to 200 years of climate change in two Kenyan crater lakes

Impact of Climate Change on Health and Livelihoods of Pastoral Communities in Kenya: A Case of North Eastern Region

The hydrochemical evolution of alkaline volcanic lakes: a model to understand the South Atlantic Pre-salt mineral assemblages

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