Kentucky Bluegrass and Annual Bluegrass Response to Ethephon

Eggens, J. L.; Wright, C. P. M.

doi:10.21273/jashs.110.5.609

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The literature on EP since its introduction to the turf market is primarily in the popular press and there is a large amount of conflicting data, observations, conclusions, and recommendations. Eggens and Wright (1985) concluded that EP could be used to selectively weaken AB compared with KBG or CB. Ethephon has provided excellent suppression of AB seedheads in studies in northern California (Gelertner & Stowell, 2001) and Chicago (Kane & Miller, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing seedhead suppression of Poa annua L. in Michigan through use of growing degree‐days to predict optimum application timing for ethephon and ethephon plus trinexapac‐ethyl

Calhoun¹,

Frank

2022

Intl Turfgrass Soc Res J

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Research was conducted from 2002 to 2006 to determine optimum application timings for the chemical seedhead suppression of annual bluegrass (AB) [Poa annua L. var. reptans (Hauskins) Timm.] by single applications of the plant growth regulators ethephon (EP) (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) or EP plus trinexapac-ethyl (TE) [4-(cyclopropyl-alpha-hydroxymethylene)-3, 5-dioxo-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester]. The objectives were to evaluate AB seedhead suppression from single applications of EP and EP plus TE, and to evaluate the simple average-calculated growing degree-days (GDD) and Baskerville-Emin GDD models for their reliability to predict best application timing dates from year to year. Plots were established on a 10-to 15-yr-old AB fairway maintained at 1.5 cm and receiving 0.5 to 0.6 cm daily automatic irrigation throughout the growing season and 120 kg N ha -1 yr -1 from 2002 to 2006. The soil type is a Marlette sandy loam (fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Oxyaquic Glossudalf). Plant growth regulators were applied at 3.74 and 0.08 kg a.i. ha -1 for EP and TE, respectively, between 24 March and 13 May. Ethephon interacted with application timing in 2002 and 2003. Ethephon plus TE interacted with application timing in 2004, but not 2005 or 2006. Ethephon and EP plus TE did not provide less than 10% seedhead cover in 2003 or 2006, respectively.For EP and EP plus TE, application timing affected seedhead control in 3 of 5 yr.Abbreviations: AB, annual bluegrass; CB, creeping bentgrass; GDD, growing degree-days; GDD -5 , growing degree days with a base temperature of -5 ˚C; EP, ethephon; PGR, plant growth regulator; TE, trinexapac-ethyl.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing seedhead suppression of Poa annua L. in Michigan through use of growing degree‐days to predict optimum application timing for ethephon and ethephon plus trinexapac‐ethyl

Calhoun¹,

Frank

2022

Intl Turfgrass Soc Res J

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Anthracnose Development on Annual Bluegrass Affected by Seedhead and Vegetative Growth Regulators

Inguagiato

Murphy

Clarke

2010

Applied Turfgrass Science

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The impact of plant growth regulators on anthracnose (Colletotrichum cereale) severity in annual bluegrass (Poa annua) putting greens has been a concern for turf managers. Two field studies assessed the influence of mefluidide (ME; applied twice at 0 or 0.69 fl oz/1000 ft2) or ethephon (EP; applied twice at 0 or 5.0 fl oz/1000 ft2) and three application intervals of trinexapac‐ethyl (TE; 14 days, 7 days, or not applied) on anthracnose severity and seedhead production of annual bluegrass mowed to a height of 0.125 inch from 2005 to 2007. Growth regulators did not enhance anthracnose, but occasionally and inconsistently reduced disease severity. Mefluidide had little effect on anthracnose, but ethephon reduced disease 3 to 22% compared to non‐EP‐treated turf. Trinexapac‐ethyl applied every 7 or 14 days reduced anthracnose 4 to 29% and 4 to 16% compared to non‐TE‐treated turf, respectively. Ethephon reduced seedhead cover 12 to 47%, while ME suppressed seedhead cover 12 to 15%. Trinexapac‐ethyl‐treated turf retained seedheads for longer periods than non‐TE‐treated turf, especially when applied every 7 days. Few meaningful interactions occurred in anthracnose or seedhead cover between TE and ME or TE and EP. Thus, TE and EP, or ME can be used on annual bluegrass turf to reduce seedheads without intensifying anthracnose, and may occasionally reduce disease severity.

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Cultural and Chemical Practices for Quality Improvement of Overseeded Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactlyon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] and Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.) Suppression

Aldahir¹,

McElroy²,

Flessner³

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Horticulture

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Dormant bermudagrass (Cynodon dactlyon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) is overseeded with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to maintain green color through the fall and winter. Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) control is critical for overseeding success, as this weed can greatly decrease aesthetic quality and playability of turfgrass due to excessive seedhead production. Research was conducted to evaluate the influence of pre-seeding cultural practices (scalping, solid-tine aerification, vertical mowing, and vertical mowing plus scalping) on overseeding establishment. The effect of increasing overseeding rates of perennial ryegrass (111, 222, 444, and 888 kg pure live seed·ha−1; 100, 200, 400, and 800 lb·A−1) and roughstalk bluegrass (Poa trivialis L.) (55, 111, and 222 kg pure live seed·ha−1; 50, 100, and 200 lb·A−1) on annual bluegrass populations was also investigated. Additionally, plant growth regulators (PGRs) were evaluated for annual bluegrass seedhead suppression and turf injury. Mefluidide at 0.056 kg ae·ha−1 (0.05 lb ae·A−1), and paclobutrazol, flurprimidol, trinexapac-ethyl, and trinexapac-ethyl plus ethephon at 0.28, 0.42, 0.382, and 0.095 plus 3.82 kg ai·ha−1 (0.25, 0.37, 0.34, 0.085 plus 3.4 lb ai·A−1), respectively, were applied twice, sequentially with a four-week interval. Contrary to previous research, pre-seeding cultural practices did not improve overseeding success. Annual bluegrass density decreased with increasing perennial ryegrass overseeding rates from 50% in the non-overseeded to 14 to 17% when overseeded with rates up to 222 kg pure live seed·ha−1, and 4 to 8% when overseeded with rates between 444 and 888 kg pure live seed·ha−1. Roughstalk bluegrass overseeded reduced annual bluegrass density from 50% in the non-overseeded, to 7 to 13% when overseeded with 55, 111, or 222 kg pure live seed·ha−1, regardless of the overseeding rate. Overseeding bermudagrass with roughstalk bluegrass or perennial ryegrass increased turfgrass green cover during winter, especially 100 days after seeding. Paclobutrazol, flurprimidol, and trinexapac-ethyl were successful at suppressing annual bluegrass seedheads and were not injurious to perennial ryegrass. Mefluidide resulted in efficient annual bluegrass seedhead suppression; however, unacceptable turfgrass injury occurred in 2012.

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Kentucky Bluegrass and Annual Bluegrass Response to Ethephon

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Maximizing seedhead suppression of Poa annua L. in Michigan through use of growing degree‐days to predict optimum application timing for ethephon and ethephon plus trinexapac‐ethyl

Maximizing seedhead suppression of Poa annua L. in Michigan through use of growing degree‐days to predict optimum application timing for ethephon and ethephon plus trinexapac‐ethyl

Anthracnose Development on Annual Bluegrass Affected by Seedhead and Vegetative Growth Regulators

Cultural and Chemical Practices for Quality Improvement of Overseeded Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactlyon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy] and Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.) Suppression

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