Kemampuan Ekstrak Buah Pare terhadap Kematian Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

Abstract

The mosquito of Aedes aegypti is the vector of the dengue virus can transmit the disease through bites DBD. The popular control in a society is by using chemical insecticides. The use of chemical insecticides can lead to continuous resistance of mosquitoes. The efforts to reduce the negative impact of chemical insecticides can be controlled with an insecticides plant. This control can be done by using materials that came from plant, one of them namely bitter melon (Momordica charantia L). The purpose of this research is to analyze the kill power of bitter melon extracts against the mosquito of Aedes aegypti. This type of research is pure experiment with the design of the post test only control group design with five variants of extract concentration of 13%, 19%, 27%, 40%, and 59% with five repetitions. A kruskal wallis test result showed a difference in thye average number of deaths the mosquito of Aedes agypti in various concentration of bitter melon extract, indicated by the value of significance p=0,001 (p<0,05). The probit analysis obtained LC50 at 24,41% concentration and LC90 at 70,54% concentratin. The summary of this research, namely bitter melon extracts has the effect of insecticide against the mosquito of Aedes aegypti.
 Keywords: Aedes aegypti, insecticide, bitter melon

Kajian Efektivitas Insektisida Berbahan Bunga Krisan (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium) dan Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Terhadap Mortalitas Nyamuk

“…Semakin rendah nilai LC50 maka semakin tinggi nilai toksisitas insektisida tersebut. 24 Kisaran nilai LC50 dari Chrysanthemum sp. adalah 0,02% -1,50%, sedangkan Citrus aurantifolia adalah 0,108% -40,087%.…”

Fumigant Toxicity of Siamese Citrus Fruit Extract (Citrus nobilis) as a Botanical Pesticide in Culex sp.

“…Hal ini menyebabkan pengikatan terhadap oksigen menurun sehingga penggunaan oksigen oleh mitokondria tidak lagi maksimal sehingga nyamuk akhirnya mati. (Dheasabel et al, 2018).…”

“…Nyamuk dapat dikatakan knockdown apabila nyamuk jatuh, menggelepar dalam keadaan telentang, dengan pergerakan nyamuk yang semakin melambat. Nyamuk dapat dikatakan mati apabila tidak ada pergerakan sama sekali setelah adanya pengusikan (Dheasabel et al, 2018).…”

Antimicrobial Activity Test of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Plant Extract Against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli Bacteria and Candida albicans

“…Bitter melon leaves contain active plant substances such as flavonoids, phenols, and tannins (Azizah, 2018). The bitter melon's secondary metabolite composition, including alkaloids and flavonoids, can be an insecticide against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (Dheasabel, 2018). The content of active compounds found in the bitter melon plant has a pharmacological effect on treating diseases such as diabetes mellitus, skin infection problems, vaginal inflammation, and hemorrhoids.…”