Keltische Münzstätten und Heiligtümer

Trebsche, Peter

doi:10.1553/0x003be0ee

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The upper Terrace T3 yielded a stratigraphy comprising eleven phases from the Late Bronze Age (phases T3-11 to T3-05), followed by a phase of erosion (T3-04), one phase of medieval According to a series of 19 radiocarbon dates, prehistoric activities in this area started from 1072-999 BCE (1σ) and lasted until 796-764 BCE (1σ), i. e., approximately two and a half centuries [3,155].…”

Section: Dating and Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stratigraphy excavated on the lower Terrace T4 comprises 14 phases from the Late Bronze Age (phases T4-14 to T4-09) to the Medieval Period (phase T4-04) and the Modern Period (phases T4-02 and T4-01). During the Late Bronze Age, ten consecutive construction activities are attested at this terrace; they were interrupted by three episodes of copper ore mining [155]. Bayesian modelling of 13 radiocarbon dates [156] for short-lived organic materials allowed for a precise dating of the Late Bronze Age phases.…”

Section: Dating and Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The boundary end date ranges from 910-851 BCE (1σ) with its peak at 895 BCE. Most probably, the entire stratigraphic sequence from the first construction in sub-phase T4-13G to the latest cultural layer deposited in phase T4-08 was created in only 25 calendar years [3,155].…”

Section: Dating and Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dig out, Dig in! Plant-based diet at the Late Bronze Age copper production site of Prigglitz-Gasteil (Lower Austria) and the relevance of processed foodstuffs for the supply of Alpine Bronze Age miners

et al. 2021

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This paper starts from theoretical and methodical considerations about the role of archaeobotanical finds in culinary archaeology, emphasizing the importance of processed cereal preparations as the “missing link” between crop and consumption. These considerations are exemplified by the discussion of abundant new archaeobotanical data from the Late Bronze Age copper mining site of Prigglitz-Gasteil, situated at the easternmost fringe of the Alps. At this site, copper ore mining in opencast mines took place from the 11th until the 9th century BCE (late Urnfield Culture), as well as copper processing (beneficiation, smelting, refining, casting) on artificial terrain terraces. During archaeological excavations from 2010 to 2014, two areas of the site were investigated and sampled for archaeobotanical finds and micro-debris in a high-resolution approach. This paper aims at 1) analysing the food plant spectrum at the mining settlement of Prigglitz-Gasteil basing on charred plant macroremains, 2) investigating producer/consumer aspects of Prigglitz-Gasteil in comparison to the Bronze Age metallurgical sites of Kiechlberg, Klinglberg, and Mauken, and 3) reconstructing the miners’ and metallurgists’ diets. Our analyses demonstrate that the plant-based diet of the investigated mining communities reflects the general regional and chronological trends rather than particular preferences of the miners or metallurgists. The lack of chaff, combined with a high occurrence of processed food, suggests that the miners at Prigglitz-Gasteil were supplied from outside with ready-to-cook and processed grain, either from adjacent communities or from a larger distance. This consumer character is in accordance with observation from previously analysed metallurgical sites. Interestingly, the components observed in charred cereal products (barley, Hordeum vulgare, and foxtail millet, Setaria italica) contrast with the dominant crop taxa (broomcorn millet, Panicum miliaceum, foxtail millet, and lentil, Lens culinaris). Foraging of fruits and nuts also significantly contributed to the daily diet.

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Section: Dating and Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dating and Chronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dig out, Dig in! Plant-based diet at the Late Bronze Age copper production site of Prigglitz-Gasteil (Lower Austria) and the relevance of processed foodstuffs for the supply of Alpine Bronze Age miners

et al. 2021

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“…The area of study is the Eastern La Tène Culture that extended over eastern Austria, Bohemia, and Moravia in the Czech Republic, southern Poland, Slovakia, western Hungary, western Romania, Slovenia, Croatia, and northern Serbia (Figure 1). The settlement system of this region can be briefly characterized as follows [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]: In the Eastern La Tène Culture, small unfortified lowland settlements were almost the only known category during the Early La Tène period (phases LT A and B, ca. 450-250 BC), alongside with very few known hilltop settlements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 hectares, e.g., Roseldorf AT, Němčice CZ or Nowa Cerekwia PL) and medium-sized centers (ca. 6-10 hectares, e.g., Haselbach AT), followed by common villages (1-3 hectares) and dispersed single farmsteads [10,11]. After this period of population growth and increasing settlement density in the second half of the 3rd century and the first half of the 2nd century, most of these agglomerations located in very fertile regions were abandoned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cattle Make the Difference: Variations and Developments of Animal Husbandry in the Central European La Tène Culture

Saliari

Trebsche

2023

Animals

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The first part of our research focuses on the analysis of animal remains (>6000 identified specimens, NISP) from the Middle La Tène central settlement Haselbach in Lower Austria, one of the largest investigated archaeozoological assemblages of present-day Austria. Based on the age and sex profiles, the faunal assemblage from Haselbach shows characteristics of urbanization and centralization and bears striking similarities to the archaeozoological material of the central settlement of Roseldorf (Lower Austria), some 35 km northwest of Haselbach. The second part of our research discusses the historical and regional context of the archaeozoological results from Haselbach and compares them with other sites, based on a detailed review of published archaeozoological data from the La Tène period (c. 450 BC to the end of the first century BC). In total, 55 faunal assemblages from 46 sites in nine countries in Central Europe, representing different types of sites (lowland settlements, hilltop settlements, central settlements, oppida, assemblages of ritual activity, and mining sites) were examined. The synthesis of the archaeozoological data exhibits different husbandry strategies and suggests major changes, especially during the Middle La Tène period indicating agricultural intensification. The differences in the biological profiles of the major domesticated species are of crucial importance to better understand aspects of socio-economic organization; especially in the case of cattle, age and sex profiles are used to distinguish different patterns of cattle husbandry. Finally, morphometric and recent genetic analyses on cattle bones and teeth from La Tène sites in Central Europe provide new insights into the complex socio-economic behavior as well as long-distance networks, involving animal supply and mobility in an exciting period of change involving centralization and increasing influence from the South during the pre-Roman late Iron Age.

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Introduction of the potter’s wheel as a reflection of social and economic changes during the La Tène period in Central Europe

Thér,

Mangel

2023

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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This study focuses on the introduction of pottery-forming methods employing rotational motion in relation to social and economic conditions and their transformations during the La Tène period in Central Europe. It explores the diversity of technological practices on a broader geographical scale in several regions of the Czech Republic with various demographic, social, and environmental conditions during this period. The study is based on the idea that a technological process is a cultural trait whose adoption is the result of a cultural selection. These interactions are facilitated by the performances of the technological process and its products. The technological analysis relies on a recently developed quantitative analytical technique based on calculating the orientation of components of the ceramic body supplemented by qualitative classification of diagnostic features observed on X-ray images and CT reconstructions. By applying the methodology to an extensive collection of pottery samples, we have obtained a robust picture of the adoption and spread of different variants of the application of rotational motion. Based on this evidence, we proposed evolutionary scenarios that show the unique interplay of the performances of the individual variants of this general innovative idea with specific local socio-cultural conditions.

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Keltische Münzstätten und Heiligtümer

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Dig out, Dig in! Plant-based diet at the Late Bronze Age copper production site of Prigglitz-Gasteil (Lower Austria) and the relevance of processed foodstuffs for the supply of Alpine Bronze Age miners

Dig out, Dig in! Plant-based diet at the Late Bronze Age copper production site of Prigglitz-Gasteil (Lower Austria) and the relevance of processed foodstuffs for the supply of Alpine Bronze Age miners

Cattle Make the Difference: Variations and Developments of Animal Husbandry in the Central European La Tène Culture

Introduction of the potter’s wheel as a reflection of social and economic changes during the La Tène period in Central Europe

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