Keeping Track of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Progress and Targets in 167 Cities Worldwide

Abstract

Actions in cities shape the outcome of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mitigation and our climate change response. Accurate and consistent carbon inventories are essential for identifying the main sources of emissions and global comparison of carbon reduction progress and would help inform targeted policies for low-carbon transition. To identify the effectiveness of historical carbon reduction policies, our study conducted energy-related GHG emission inventories for 167 globally distributed cities with information from different sectors, and assessed the city-scale near-term, mid-term, and long-term goals carbon mitigation targets from 2020 to 2050. On this basis, we propose mitigation strategies to achieve local and global climate targets. We found that, although Asian cities are the biggest carbon emitters in totals, the per capita GHG emissions of cities in developed countries are still generally higher than that in developing countries. In terms of sectors, the GHG emissions from the stationary energy uses (such as residential, commercial, and industrial buildings) and transportation sector contributed the most. However, cities in more developed nations have been inclined to set absolute carbon reduction targets before 2050, while intensity reduction target has been largely set for cities at the stage of rapid economic growth and accelerated industrialization. More ambitious and easily-tracked climate targets should be proposed by cities and more effective measures of reducing GHG emissions are required to stay consistent with the global ambition of climate change mitigation.

Quantifying the Health Benefits of Urban Climate Mitigation Actions: Current State of the Epidemiological Evidence and Application in Health Impact Assessments

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Comparing sources of uncertainty in community greenhouse gas estimation techniques

“…Statistical modelers would determine mean values for coefficients (βs) that best fit the data. If all of the coefficients were estimated to be one (within acceptable levels of significance), then equation ( 2) is reduced to equation (1), confirming the theory behind equation (1). However, fitted models may produce coefficients that are different from one.…”

“…Over the last several decades, hundreds of cities globally have estimated their greenhouse gas emissions, many for the purpose of planning subsequent reductions [1,2]. During this time, local emission estimation methods have changed and diversified considerably.…”

Decoupling Energy, Water, and Food Resources Production from GHG Emissions: A Footprint Perspective Review of Africa from 1990 to 2017

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