Keanekaragaman Jenis Semut pada Tingkat Perkembangan Lahan yang Berbeda: Pendekatan Fase Agroforestri

Abstract

The levels of land development process typically followed by changes in the vegetation structure of the ecosystems that comprises it. In a process, interventions whether artificial (human) or naturals were able to affect land development, either support or hinder. Some of the interventions that possible to occur are human activities through revegetation and land use, such as agroforestry practice (AF). The levels of land development through the shift of AF development phase common followed by changes in the vegetation inside. In terms of ecology, the mechanism of how the AF development phase affects the community structure is important to know. This research was conducted to determine the community structure of ants under the AF ecosystem and it is functional groups. In addition, we devided the AF system based on its developmental phase (early, middle, and advance). The data was obtained in the area of Nglanggeran, Gunung Kidul Regency of Yogyakarta during the dry season (April, May, June, August, and September). Meanwhile, method of ant collection utilized pit-fall trap and direct collection method. A total 7 species of ants were obtained consisting Odontoponera denticulate (Ponerinae), Odontomachus sp. (Ponerinae), Anaplolepis gracilipes (Formicinae), Pheidologeton sp. (Myrmicinae), Camponotus sp. (Formicinae), Polyrachis sp. (Forminae), and Crematogaster sp. (Myrmicinae). The AF phase are not followed by different species of ants but has an impact on the species abundance. The highest species diversity and the largest number of individual ants were found in middle, early, and advanced AF, respectively. Furthermore, there are 5 ant functional groups with variouss abundance based on AF phase. The early AF is more suitable for Generalized myrmicinae (GM) groups, middle for Dominant opportunist (DO) and GM groups, while advanced for Forest opportunist (FO) groups. INTISARITingkat perkembangan lahan umumnya diikuti dengan perubahan struktur vegetasi penyusun ekosistem yang ada didalamnya. Dalam perjalanannya, muncul intervensi yang dapat mempengaruhi tingkat perkembangan lahan baik mendukung ataupun menghambat. Salah satu bentuk intervensi yang dapat terjadi adalah berupa aktivitas pemanfaatan lahan, sistem agroforestri (AF). Pergeseran tingkat perkembangan lahan melalui pendekatan tingkat perkembangan AF diikuti perubahan vegetasi penyusun menuju kearah ekosistem yang mendekati HASIL PENELITIAN Riwayat Naskah :Naskah masuk (

Abundance of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the functional groups in two different habitats

“…This process possibly occurs through (1) natural regeneration, or (2) accelerated by human intervention (Horn 1975), which specifically requires management decisions, during the selection of plant or site (Zhu 2005). This includes the practice of revegetation, and other forms of land use, including agroforestry practice (Triyogo et al 2019). Furthermore, agroforestry practices are considered suitable for both ecological and economic benefits (van Noordwijk et al 2012), due to the tendency to reduce risks associated with land damage (Jiang et al 2017), ability to prevent damages from pests (Pumarino et al 2015), and increase the farmers' income (Salazar-Diaz and Tixier 2019).…”

“…Previous studies on the impacts of land-use system, including agroforestry, and the relationship with arthropod diversity have been conducted (Triyogo et al 2019), although researches to specifically examine the level of species response to variations in habitat types are limited. Moreover, numerous questions related to biodiversity in different habitats have been raised, with respect to the impact of changes in the shape of ecosystems, where the community at the species level is considered capable of describing the processes and functions (Gray et al 2018) using ants as indicators (Folgarait 1998;Hashimoto & Mohamed 2010;Woodcock 2011).…”