Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children with COVID-19

Sarzaeim, Mojdeh; Rezaei, Nima

doi:10.1007/s42399-020-00558-9

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…All of them have shown the potential to manifest as multisystem difficult to treat infections ( Goudarzi et al, 2020 ; Heidarpour et al, 2020 ; Jahanshahlu and Rezaei, 2020a ; Jenab et al, 2020 ; Nejadghaderi et al, 2020 ; Rahmani et al, 2020 ; Sadeghmousavi and Rezaei, 2020 ; Yazdanpanah et al, 2020b ). In particular, multisystem involvement in COVID-19 has been associated with anti-viral immunity paralysis on the one hand, and on the other hand release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g., interleukin-6, and hyperinflammatory shock ( Bahrami et al, 2020 ; Fathi and Rezaei, 2020 ; Mojtabavi et al, 2020 ; Nasab et al, 2020 ; Rokni et al, 2020 ; Saghazadeh and Rezaei, 2020a ; Sarzaeim and Rezaei, 2020 ; Yazdanpanah et al, 2020a ). Such an unpleasant event is orchestrated by genetic and environmental factors that make individuals susceptible to develop hyper inflammatory responses ( Darbeheshti and Rezaei, 2020 ; Yousefzadegan and Rezaei, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon therapy in patients with SARS, MERS, and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies

Saleki

Yaribash

Banazadeh

et al. 2021

European Journal of Pharmacology

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Concern regarding coronavirus (CoV) outbreaks has stayed relevant to global health in the last decades. Emerging COVID-19 infection, caused by the novel SARS-CoV2, is now a pandemic, bringing a substantial burden to human health. Interferon (IFN), combined with other antivirals and various treatments, has been used to treat and prevent MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV2 infections. We aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of IFN-based treatments and combinational therapy with antivirals, corticosteroids, traditional medicine, and other treatments. Major healthcare databases and grey literature were investigated. A three-stage screening was utilized, and included studies were checked against the protocol eligibility criteria. Risk of bias assessment and data extraction were performed, followed by narrative data synthesis. Fifty-five distinct studies of SARS-CoV2, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV were spotted. Our narrative synthesis showed a possible benefit in the use of IFN. A good quality cohort showed lower CRP levels in Arbidol (ARB) + IFN group vs. IFN only group. Another study reported a significantly shorter chest X-ray (CXR) resolution in IFN-Alfacon-1 + corticosteroid group compared with the corticosteroid only group in SARS-CoV patients. In a COVID-19 trial, total adverse drug events (ADEs) were much lower in the Favipiravir (FPV) + IFN-α group compared with the LPV/RTV arm (P = 0.001). Also, nausea in patients receiving FPV + IFN-α regimen was significantly lower (P = 0.03). Quantitative analysis of mortality did not show a conclusive effect for IFN/RBV treatment in six moderately heterogeneous MERS-CoV studies (log OR=-0.05, 95% CI: (-0.71,0.62), I 2 =44.71%). A meta-analysis of three COVID-19 studies did not show a conclusive nor meaningful relation between receiving IFN and COVID-19 severity (log OR=-0.44, 95% CI: (-1.13,0.25), I 2 =31.42%). A lack of high-quality cohorts and controlled trials was observed. Evidence suggests the potential efficacy of several combination IFN therapies such as lower ADEs, quicker resolution of CXR, or a decrease in inflammatory cytokines; Still, these options must possibly be further explored before being recommended in public guidelines. For all major CoVs, our results may indicate a lack of a definitive effect of IFN treatment on mortality. We recommend such therapeutics be administered with extreme caution until further investigation uncovers high-quality evidence in favor of IFN or combination therapy with IFN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon therapy in patients with SARS, MERS, and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies

Saleki

Yaribash

Banazadeh

et al. 2021

European Journal of Pharmacology

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“…The immunopathogenesis of the disease is not clear [16][17][18][19][20][21]. However, as for other infectious conditions, immune dysregulation might increase the risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19 [21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates

Mirbeyk

Saghazadeh

Rezaei

2021

Arch Gynecol Obstet

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Background In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, with an incredible contagion rate. However, the vertical transmission of COVID-19 is uncertain. Objectives This is a systematic review of published studies concerning pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 and their neonates. Search strategy We carried out a systematic search in multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and WHO COVID-19 database using the following keywords: (Coronavirus) OR (novel coronavirus) OR (COVID-19) OR (COVID19) OR (COVID 19) OR (SARS-CoV2) OR (2019-nCoV)) and ((pregnancy) OR (pregnant) OR (vertical transmission) OR (neonate) OR (newborn) OR (placenta) OR (fetus) OR (Fetal)). The search took place in April 2020. Selection criteria Original articles published in English were eligible if they included pregnant patients infected with COVID-19 and their newborns. Data collection and analyses The outcomes of interest consisted of clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant patients with COVID-19 and also the effect of COVID-19 on neonatal and pregnancy outcomes. Main results 37 articles involving 364 pregnant women with COVID-19 and 302 neonates were included. The vast majority of pregnant patients were in their third trimester of pregnancy, and only 45 cases were in the first or second trimester (12.4%). Most mothers described mild to moderate manifestations of COVID-19. Of 364 pregnant women, 25 were asymptomatic at the time of admission. The most common symptoms were fever (62.4%) and cough (45.3%). Two maternal deaths occurred. Some pregnant patients (12.1%) had a negative SARS-CoV-2 test but displayed clinical manifestations and abnormalities in computed tomography (CT) scan related to COVID-19. Twenty-two (6.0%) pregnant patients developed severe pneumonia. Two maternal deaths occurred from severe pneumonia and multiple organ dysfunction. Studies included a total of 302 neonates from mothers with COVID-19. Of the studies that provided data on the timing of birth, there were 65 (23.6%) preterm neonates. One baby was born dead from a mother who also died from COVID-19. Of the babies born alive from mothers with COVID-19, five newborns faced critical conditions, and two later died. A total of 219 neonates underwent nasopharyngeal specimen collection for SARS-CoV-2, of which 11 tested positive (5%). Seventeen studies examined samples of the placenta, breast milk, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid, and all tested negative except one amniotic fluid sample. Conclusions A systematic review of published studies confirm that the course of COVID-19 in pregnant women resembles that of other populations. However, there is not sufficient evidence to establish an idea that COVID-19 would not complicate pregnancy.

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“…[71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83] It may trigger hyperinflammation, causing immune responses to dysregulation. 54,74,76,77,79,81,[84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] Antibody response occurs in response to COVID-19 and can help with the diagnosis of infection and reinfection. 102 Despite such advances in understanding COVID-19, 103 humanity is still suffering the pandemic, given that no specific treatment modality has been defined yet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Care Policies and COVID-19 Prevalence: Is There Any Association?

2021

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected almost all countries and territories. As of December 6, 2020, the United States of America and India have the highest prevalence. Each country has implemented different strategies to control and reduce the spread of disease. Here, the association between prevalence number and health policies is evaluated by comparing 2 groups of countries: (1) Italy, the United States of America, Germany, Spain, and India with a higher prevalence than a linear trend line; and (2) Singapore and China with a lower or equal prevalence than linear forecasts. A rapid overview revealed that many countries have similar strategies for controlling COVID-19, including the suspension of air travel, the lockdown on the cities with the most cases detected, active case findings, monitoring of close contacts, and raising public awareness. Also, they used a gradual and phased plan to reopen activities. So, the difference between countries in the burden of COVID-19 can be attributable to the strict mode and nonstrict mode of implementation of strategies. Limitations at the national levels call for systemic rather than regional strategies.

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Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children with COVID-19

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Interferon therapy in patients with SARS, MERS, and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies

Interferon therapy in patients with SARS, MERS, and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies

A systematic review of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates

Health Care Policies and COVID-19 Prevalence: Is There Any Association?

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