Kautilya: The Indian Strategic Thinker and Indian Strategic Culture

Zaman, Rashed Uz

doi:10.1080/01495930600956260

Cited by 23 publications

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“…mehrfachen Überarbeitungen 29 Allgemein zum Arthaśāstra vgl. Meyer 1926;Konow 1945;Schlingloff 1967;Scharfe 1968;Trautmann 1971;Choudhary 1971;Ritschl -Schetlich 1973;Parmar 1987;Kühnhardt 1988;Boesche 2002a;2002b;Zaman 2006;McClish 2009;Trautmann 2012 und Ergänzungen unterzogen worden. Erst im Laufe dieser Zeit wurde der Text daher wohl auch mit dem Namen des halbmythisch gewordenen Kauṭilya verbunden, 33 der zu einer Chiffre für eine gesamtindische Einigung avanciert war, wie sie schließlich von den Gupta erreicht wurde, unter denen der Text auch zumindest formal seine endgültige Gestalt erhielt.…”

Section: Kauṭilyaunclassified

Zwischenstaatlichkeit und Herrscherideal in militärisch-politischen Sachbüchern. Ein komparatistischer Versuch über Sūn Zǐ, Kauṭilya, Aineias Taktikos und Machiavelli

Engels¹

2018

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οὕτως, ὦ Σώκρατες, καὶ ἰσχυρότερον καὶ ἐλευθεριώτερον καὶ δεσποτικώτερον ἀδικία δικαιοσύνης ἐστὶν ἱκανῶς γιγνομένη, καὶ ὅπερ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἔλεγον, τὸ μὲν τοῦ κρείττονος συμφέρον τὸ δίκαιον τυγχάνει ὄν, τὸ δ᾽ ἄδικον ἑαυτῷ λυσιτελοῦν τε καὶ συμφέρον. Plat., Pol. 344c-d

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Section: Kauṭilyaunclassified

Zwischenstaatlichkeit und Herrscherideal in militärisch-politischen Sachbüchern. Ein komparatistischer Versuch über Sūn Zǐ, Kauṭilya, Aineias Taktikos und Machiavelli

Engels¹

2018

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“…In fact, the list of authors would be long, who do see Kautilya as an essential component of India’s political–strategic culture. 7 For example, Rashed Uz Zaman writes: ‘We propose that, amongst other influencing factors, Indian strategic culture is influenced by the ideas of Kautilya codified in his book The Arthashastra’ (Zaman 2006, 232). Or Marcus Kim: ‘The Kautilyan and Gandhian ideas are “strategic” in the sense that they have existed and influenced, through oral tradition and texts, Indian politics for almost three millennia.…”

Section: The Latent ‘Kautilyan Reflex’ and India’s Politico-strategic Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Kautilya’s Relevance for India Today

Liebig¹

2013

India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs

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Strange enough, Kautilya’s Arthashastra, a classic work of political theory and statecraft, has remained on the sidelines of the political science and strategic discourse not only in the West, but even in India itself. How does modern India relate to Kautilya? We investigate first Nehru’s ‘special relationship’ to Kautilya and then turn to the mainly ‘latent presence’ of Kautilyan thought among the political, academic and strategic elites of today’s India—using Bourdieu’s concept of ‘habitus’. We also look into the peculiar constellation of social science schools which has tended to inhibit an active, but critical, engagement with Kautilyan thought. Lastly, we show indications pointing an active ‘re-use’ of endogenous politico-cultural resources—including Kautilya—in India. This trend should be seen in the context of India’s rise in the multipolar world which also entails the need to articulate a soft power stance based on endogenous politico-cultural resources.

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“…In the pessimistic perspective of hyperrealism, international relations are governed by an unending cycle of threat and counterthreat, with the potential causes of war being numerous (Bajpai 2002, 253). Also referred to as "Indian realism", this approach has been traced back to Kautilya, the author of the Arthashastra, whose conquest-focused Science of Policy advised Indian rulers on efforts to control the actions of its neighbors and restrict extra-regional influences on them (Zaman 2006). 291 In the Arthashastra, relations between states are necessarily dictated by relative power, as illustrated by the six methods of foreign policy:…”

Section: Hyperrealismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Am I my brother’s peacekeeper? Strategic cultures and change among major troop contributors to United Nations peacekeeping

Libben

2017

Canadian Foreign Policy Journal

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AcknowledgementsFirst and foremost, I would like to dedicate this dissertation to my parents, whose example inspired me to start a doctorate in the first place and without whose support I would not have been able to complete this thesis. To my mother, who read the first draft and the last draft, and who provided invaluable advice and suggestions every step of the way. To my father, who has been an academic and intellectual role model throughout my life, and provides a constant reminder to me to never stop being curious. To my sister, who has been a source both of academic inspiration and commiseration, and who helped me see the light at the end of the Ph.D.tunnel when things seemed dark. To my supervisors, Dr. Claire Turenne-Sjolander and Dr. Miguel de Larrinaga, who supported my ideas from the start and who helped me navigate my way to a final draft. To my friend Doug, who has always been there to listen to my triumphs and defeats, and who has always been willing to talk about the big questions with me. To all my friends, who I have relied on time and again to replenish my energy and regain my perspective.To my wife, who helped me reach the end of this thesis in ways big and small, supporting me with her food, her advice, her love, and her very existence. And to my dog Lyla, who did her best to prevent me from writing this thesis while at the same time reminding me that sometimes it's important to stop writing, get up, and go for a walk.iii Tables Table 1: Summary of the three generations of strategic culture Table 2: Strategic norms concerning the legitimate ends and means of defence policy Table 3: The Peacekeeping Sweet Spot Table 4: Breakdown of scalable strategic norms Table 5: Member States with more than 1,000 peacekeeping troops, 1990-2015 Table 6 With 16 ongoing peacekeeping operations currently deploying almost 100,000 troops, United Nations peacekeeping is the largest single source of multilateral military intervention in conflict zones. Because UN peacekeeping is entirely dependent on voluntary contributions from Member States, there a pressing need to better understand why nations contribute peacekeeping troops in the first place. Individual national rationales for peacekeeping contribution vary significantly, and incentives may include regional hegemonic aspirations, positive economic benefits from peacekeeping, desiring a seat at the Security Council, or a combination of any number of incentives. This has made it difficult to provide a generalized explanation about why states provide peacekeepers. This thesis proposes a model for understanding the peacekeeping contribution issue under the lens of strategic culture. The strategic culture approach focuses on elite beliefs about the objectives of the use of force, with national factors such a geography, history, domestic politics, and bureaucracy forming into cohesive and competing norms about the purpose of the military. Drawing on the fourth generation of strategic culture literature, this dissertation argues that strategic culture serves as an...

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Kautilya: The Indian Strategic Thinker and Indian Strategic Culture

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Zwischenstaatlichkeit und Herrscherideal in militärisch-politischen Sachbüchern. Ein komparatistischer Versuch über Sūn Zǐ, Kauṭilya, Aineias Taktikos und Machiavelli

Zwischenstaatlichkeit und Herrscherideal in militärisch-politischen Sachbüchern. Ein komparatistischer Versuch über Sūn Zǐ, Kauṭilya, Aineias Taktikos und Machiavelli

Kautilya’s Relevance for India Today

Am I my brother’s peacekeeper? Strategic cultures and change among major troop contributors to United Nations peacekeeping

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