Karyotype analysis in two species of<i>Solanum</i>(Solanaceae) Sect.<i>Cyphomandropsis</i>based on chromosome banding

Miguel, Virginia; Acosta, María Cristina; Moscone, EA

doi:10.1080/0028825x.2012.662904

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The Cyphomandra clade is an exception with chromosome sizes ranging from 3 to 14 μm (e.g. Pringle and Murray 1991;Moscone 1992;Miguel et al 2012), as found here in S. crispum with chromosomes longer than 4 μm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Karyotypes of South American species of the Morelloid and Dulcamaroid clades (Solanum, Solanaceae)

2013

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A karyotypic study on South American representatives of the Morelloid and Dulcamaroid clades of Solanum was conducted to contribute to a better understanding of their relationships. Mitotic chromosomes of 26 species were examined (13 of which were previously unknown). All taxa presented 2n = 2x = 24 and had small chromosomes (less than 4 μm long) with the exception of S. crispum. Most species displayed symmetrical karyotypes, being 78% and 69% m, 19% and 25% sm and 3% and 6% st for the Morelloid and Dulcamaroid clades, respectively. Solanum crispum (Dulcamaroid clade) was unique by having mostly sm chromosomes and S. sinuatirecurvum (Morelloid clade) stood out with four st pairs and an exclusive pair of satellites in long arms. Solanum tripartitum was the sole entity exhibiting an sm pair with satellites. Most examined species of these clades resulted karyologically indistinguishable, based on conventionally stained mitotic chromosomes. Molecular analyses are needed to gain a better knowledge of the possible karyoevolutionary trends of both clades.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Karyotypes of South American species of the Morelloid and Dulcamaroid clades (Solanum, Solanaceae)

2013

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“…In some cases, NORs appear to be terminal after silver staining, probably because microsatellites are no longer recognizable after applying this banding method because of their small size, a phenomenon that has been observed in Capsicum and Solanum (Moscone et al 1995, Miguel et al 2012.…”

Section: Nucleolar Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

First karyological report in Larnax and Deprea (Solanaceae)

2014

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Somatic chromosomes of 12 samples belonging to seven Larnax Miers species and three Deprea Raf. species are studied. Chromosome number and karyotype analysis of both genera are reported for the first time. All taxa have 2n = 24. The most frequent haploid karyotype formula (8 of 12 samples) is 9 metacentric (m) + 3 submetacentric (sm) chromosomes, whereas L. glabra (Standl.) N.W. Sawyer and Larnax sp. display 10 m + 2 sm. Karyotypes of L. nieva S. Leiva & N.W. Sawyer and D. cuyacensis (N.W. Sawyer & S. Leiva) S. Leiva & Lezama are remarkable for the highest number of sm chromosome pairs, with 7 m + 5 sm and 5 m + 7 sm, respectively, presenting the highest intrachromosomal asymmetry index (A1), whereas Larnax sp. and L. glabra show the lowest A1. Most samples (9 of 12) examined have only one pair of chromosomes with nucleolar organiser regions (NOR), whereas L. glabra, Larnax sp., and D. cuyacensis possess two pairs of NOR. Systematic considerations about the monophyly of Larnax and Deprea are provided. The different karyotype parameters obtained, together with morphological characters, are discussed to single out the species.

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“…The studied species have comparatively low CMA+/DAPIÀ heterochromatin amount exhibited at the satellites (terminal) and some intercalary bands. Heterochromatin type GC-rich loci are coincident with 45S ones and therefore NOR-associated, as observed in most Solanaceae species studied so far Miguel et al 2012;Scaldaferro et al 2013;Chiarini et al 2014). It is known that in most plant species, ribosomal DNA is rather GC-rich (Roa & Guerra 2012).…”

Section: Karyotype Changes and Chromosomal Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Using chromosomal data in the phylogenetic and molecular dating framework: karyotype evolution and diversification in Nierembergia (Solanaceae) influenced by historical changes in sea level

2016

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Karyotype data within a phylogenetic framework and molecular dating were used to examine chromosome evolution in Nierembergia and to infer how geological or climatic processes have influenced in the diversification of this solanaceous genus native to South America and Mexico. Despite the numerous studies comparing karyotype features across species, including the use of molecular phylogenies, to date relatively few studies have used formal comparative methods to elucidate chromosomal evolution, especially to reconstruct the whole ancestral karyotypes. Here, we mapped on the Nierembergia phylogeny one complete set of chromosomal data obtained by conventional staining, AgNOR-, C- and fluorescent chromosome banding, and fluorescent in situ hybridisation. In addition, we used a Bayesian molecular relaxed clock to estimate divergence times between species. Nierembergia showed two major divergent clades: a mountainous species group with symmetrical karyotypes, large chromosomes, only one nucleolar organising region (NOR) and without centromeric heterochromatin, and a lowland species group with asymmetrical karyotypes, small chromosomes, two chromosomes pairs with NORs and centromeric heterochromatin bands. Molecular dating on the DNA phylogeny revealed that both groups diverged during Late Miocene, when Atlantic marine ingressions, called the 'Paranense Sea', probably forced the ancestors of these species to find refuge in unflooded areas for about 2 Myr. This split agrees with an increased asymmetry and heterochromatin amount, and decrease in karyotype length and chromosome size. Thus, when the two Nierembergia ancestral lineages were isolated, major divergences occurred in chromosomal evolution, and then each lineage underwent speciation separately, with relatively minor changes in chromosomal characteristics.

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Karyotype analysis in two species ofSolanum(Solanaceae) Sect.Cyphomandropsisbased on chromosome banding

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Karyotypes of South American species of the Morelloid and Dulcamaroid clades (Solanum, Solanaceae)

Karyotypes of South American species of the Morelloid and Dulcamaroid clades (Solanum, Solanaceae)

First karyological report in Larnax and Deprea (Solanaceae)

Using chromosomal data in the phylogenetic and molecular dating framework: karyotype evolution and diversification in Nierembergia (Solanaceae) influenced by historical changes in sea level

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