Karakteristik Biobriket dari Kotoran Sapi dengan Kulit Durian

Abstract

Cow manure derived biobriquette was an alternative fuel from organic materials. Cow manure contained high calorific value which was potential to be a biobriquette material. Durian bark waste was potential as a mixture material. Variation of material composition affected the biobriquette characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the biobriquette characteristics from the main material of cow manure with the mixture material of durian bark. Total mass of biobriquette materials and adhesive was 43 g, which consisted of cow manure and durian bark (90%) and adhesive material (10%). The material composition was varied in accordance to the percentage of the total mass. Tested parameters were moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calorific value, flame duration, and compressive strength value. Biobriquette quality standards were based on the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation Number 047 of 2006 and SNI Number 1/6235/2000. Parameters of moisture content, ash content, and calorific value were the parameters that determined the highest quality of biobriquettes. The results showed that the highest quality of biobriquettes met the standards in the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation Number 047 of 2006 and SNI Number 1/6235/2000. Biobriquettes with a composition of 20% cow manure, 70% durian skin, and 10% adhesive resulted in the highest quality with 0.90% of water content, 0.38% of ash content, 0.52% of volatile matter, 98.40% of fixed carbon, 4,912.11 Cal/g of the calorific value, and 79 minutes of flaming duration. Keywords: Biobriquette, Cow manure waste, Durian bark ABSTRAK Biobriket kotoran sapi merupakan bahan bakar alternatif yang berasal dari bahan organik. Nilai kalor kotoran sapi yang tinggi berpotensi sebagai bahan biobriket. Sampah kulit durian potensial untuk dijadikan bahan campuran biobriket. Variasi komposisi bahan biobriket berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik biobriket. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi karakteristik biobriket dari bahan utama kotoran sapi dengan bahan campuran kulit durian. Total massa kotoran sapi, kulit durian dan perekat untuk pembuatan biobriket adalah 43 gram , dengan komposisi 90% berupa bahan kotoran sapi dan kulit durian, serta 10% merupakan perekat. Komposisi bahan divariasikan sebagai persentase terhadap total massa. Parameter uji pada biobriket meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, volatile matter, fixed carbon, nilai kalor, lama nyala, dan nilai kuat tekan. Kualitas biobriket menggunakan standar berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM) Nomor 047 Tahun 2006 dan SNI Nomor 1/6235/2000. Parameter uji kadar air, kadar abu, dan nilai kalor menjadi parameter penentu kualitas biobriket terbaik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik terbaik biobriket telah memenuhi standar pada Peraturan Menteri ESDM Nomor 047 Tahun 2006 dan SNI Nomor 1/6235/2000. Biobriket dengan komposisi 20% kotoran sapi, 70% kulit durian, 10% perekat memiliki kualitas terbaik, dengan kadar air 0,90%, kadar abu 0,38%, volatile matter 0,52%, fixed carbon 98,40%, nilai kalor 4.912,11 kal/g, dan lama nyala 79 menit. Kata kunci: Biobriket, Kulit durian, Kotoran sapi