Kappa and other endosymbionts in Paramecium aurelia.

Preer, John R.; Preer, L B; Jurand, A.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.38.2.113-163.1974

Cited by 145 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Subsequently, many free-living amoebae, such as Naegleria and Acanthamoeba, were also found to possess bacterial endosymbionts (Jeon, 2004;Phillips, 1974;Proca-Ciobanu et al, 1975;Rowbotham, 1980;Hall and Voelz, 1985;Drozanski, 1991;Fritsche et al, 1993;Yagita et al, 1995), indicating that endosymbiosis occurs ubiquitously among a wide range of free-living amoebae. Likewise, endosymbionts were reported in several other species, such as Paramecium (Preer et al, 1974;Gortz, 1982) and Giardia lamblia (Radulescu et al, 1988). The prevalence of symbiotic bacteria found in amoebae is approximately 20-25% of environmental amoeba isolates (Fritsche et al, 2000;Horn and Wagner, 2004;Thomas et al, 2006;Heinz et al, 2007;Schmitz-Esser et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Survival and transfer ability of phylogenetically diverse bacterial endosymbionts in environmental Acanthamoeba isolates

Matsuo

Kawaguchi

Nakamura

et al. 2010

Environ Microbiol Rep

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SummaryObligate intracellular bacteria are commonly found as endosymbionts of acanthamoebae, however, their survival in and ability to transfer to amoebae are currently uncharacterized.In this study, six bacterial endosymbionts, found in five environmental Acanthamoeba isolates (S13, R18, S23, S31, S40) from different locations of Sapporo city, Japan, were characterized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that three-bacterial endosymbionts (eS31, eS40a, eS23) belonged to α-and β-Proteobacterium phyla and the remaining endosymbionts (eR18, eS13, eS40b) belonged to the Chlamydiales phylum. The Acanthamoeba isolate (S40) contained two phylogenetically different bacterial endosymbionts (eS40a, eS40b). Fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis showed that all bacterial endosymbionts were diffusely localized within amoebae. Transmission electron microscopy also showed that the endosymbionts were rod-shaped (eS31, eS40a, eS23) or sphere-or crescent-shaped (eR18, eS13, eS40b). No successful culture of these bacteria was achieved using conventional culture methods, but the viability of endosymbionts was confirmed by live/dead staining and RT-PCR methods. However, endosymbionts (except eR18) derived from original host cells lost the ability to be transferred to another amoeba strain (Acanthamoebae ATCC C3). Taken together, our data demonstrate that phylogenetically diverse bacterial endosymbionts found in amoebae are viable and maintain a stable interaction with amoebae.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Survival and transfer ability of phylogenetically diverse bacterial endosymbionts in environmental Acanthamoeba isolates

Matsuo

Kawaguchi

Nakamura

et al. 2010

Environ Microbiol Rep

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“…The Gammaproteobacterium Caedibacter taeniospiralis (Preer et al, 1974;Beier et al, 2002) infects the cytoplasm of its host Paramecium tetraurelia. Vertical transmission occurs during mitotic division, from infected mother to daughter cells; free-living stages or horizontal transmission are unknown (Kusch et al, 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertically transmitted symbiont reduces host fitness along temperature gradient

Dusi

Krenek

Schrallhammer

et al. 2014

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Parasites with exclusive vertical transmission from host parent to offspring are an evolutionary puzzle. With parasite fitness entirely linked to host reproduction, any fitness cost for infected hosts risks their selective elimination. Environmental conditions likely influence parasite impact and thereby the success of purely vertical transmission strategies. We tested for temperature-dependent virulence of Caedibacter taeniospiralis, a vertically transmitted bacterial symbiont of the protozoan Paramecium tetraurelia. We compared growth of infected and cured host populations at five temperatures (16-32°C). Infection reduced host density at all temperatures, with a peak of À30% at 28°C. These patterns were largely consistent across five infected Paramecium strains. Similar to Wolbachia symbionts, C. taeniospiralis may compensate fitness costs by conferring to the host a 'killer trait', targeting uninfected competitors. Considerable loss of infection at 32°C suggests that killer efficacy is not universal and that limited heat tolerance restricts the conditions for persistence of C. taeniospiralis.

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“…The daughters of such females do not transmit the androcidal activity to their offspring. Whether it is the viral products of the SROs which are responsible for male killing is unknown but such an affect of bacterial virus on eukaryotic cells is not without precedent (Preer, 1975).…”

Section: (A) Early Male Killing ( a ) Dipteramentioning

confidence: 99%

The Incidences. Mechanisms and Evolution of Cytoplasmic Sex Ratio Distorters in Animals

1993

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Kappa and other endosymbionts in Paramecium aurelia.

Abstract: a Hump, aboral hump-killing; MK, mate-killing; par, paralysis-killing; res, resistant to killing; sens, sensitive to killing; spin, spinning-killing; vac, vacuolization-killing.

Cited by 145 publications

References 59 publications

Survival and transfer ability of phylogenetically diverse bacterial endosymbionts in environmental Acanthamoeba isolates

Survival and transfer ability of phylogenetically diverse bacterial endosymbionts in environmental Acanthamoeba isolates

Vertically transmitted symbiont reduces host fitness along temperature gradient

The Incidences. Mechanisms and Evolution of Cytoplasmic Sex Ratio Distorters in Animals

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