Kandungan alkaloid dan flavonoid tiga spesies anggrek berpotensi obat dari Kawasan Gunung Gumitir Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

Tumbuhan anggrek dikenal sebagai tumbuhan hias, selain itu juga berpotensi sebagai obat diantaranya adalah Dendrobium linearifolium Teijs & Binn., Bulbophyllum odoratum (Blume) Lindl., dan Vanda tricolor Lindl. Khasiat obat pada tumbuhan adalah karena adanya metabolit sekunder, antara lain alkaloid dan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan alkaloid dan flavonoid pada tiga spesies anggrek berpotensi obat dari kawasan Gunung Gumitir Kabupaten Jember. Sampel ketiga spesies anggrek dipisahkan antara batang, pseudobulb dan daunnya kemudian dikeringanginkan dan dihaluskan sampai mendapat serbuk. Serbuk anggrek di ekstraksi dan diuji secara kuantitatif dengan spektrofotometri. Rata- rata kandungan alkaloid dan flavonoid tertinggi terdapat pada daun. Kandungan alkaloid tiga tertinggi berturut-turut adalah daun Dendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. (43,84 mgBE/g), pseudobulb dan daun Bulbophyllum odoratum (Blume) Lindl. (21,91 mgBE/g) dan (18,01 mgBE/g, sedang terendah daun Vanda tricolor Lindl (9,35 mgBE/g). Kandungan flavonoid tertinggi terdapat pada daun Dendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. (219,59 mgQE/g) diikuti daun Bulbophyllum odoratum (Blume) Lindl. (132,21 mgQE/g) dan daun Vanda tricolor Lindl. (122,69 mgQE/g) dan terendah batang Dendrobium linearifolium Teijs & Binn (56,26 mgQE/g).

Antimicrobial and Phytochemistry study of Dendrobium linearifolium Teijsm. & Binn. from Gumitir, Jember, Indonesia

“…Therefore, fungal growth was still present around the inhibition zone as fungistatic substances only inhibit the fungi growth without killing the cells [17][18]. According to Setyati et al, D. linearifoilum leaves contain alkaloids and flavonoids [13]. Alkaloid compounds inhibit the function of the fungal cell's genetic material by inhibiting DNA formation, topoisomerase, and membrane synthesis, as explained by Sulaiman et al [19].…”

“…According to Sujarwo and Lestari (2018), the pseudobulb of D. linearifolium in the Hindu community in Bali has been used as a medicine for earache by dripping water stored in the pseudobulb and the orchid has been used as a medicinal ingredient to prevent infections in the ear canal [12]. The secondary metabolite content detected in all parts of this plant in the form of alkaloids and flavonoids has been reported with the highest content found in the leaves [13]. The DNA barcode with ITS2 marker dah been reported elsewhere [6].…”

Antimicrobial and Phytochemistry study of Liparis resupinata Ridl. from Mount Gumitir, East Java, Indonesia

“…Our previous study reported the secondary metabolites of alkaloid and flavonoid content of wild orchids from the Mount Gumitir area (Setyati et al, 2022). Liparis resupinata Ridl.…”