Kanak coastal communities and fisheries meeting new governance challenges and marine issues in New Caledonia

Leblic, Isabelle; Cornier, Samuel

doi:10.4000/books.pacific.434

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Ben Campbell has described the same process in the context of natural resource management, where it becomes a negotiation between the elite ‘eco‐discourses’ of powerful outsiders and local, emplaced knowledge of the environment (Campbell 2005:311). Due to the skewed balance of power, Indigenous peoples who are far more knowledgeable in their own surroundings than visiting scholars thus find themselves questioning or even discounting that knowledge in favor of foreign ‘experts’ (Cornier and Leblic 2016:142; Hilmi et al 2016; Walley 2004:214; West 2006:158). A similarly clear separation between outsiders and Islanders cannot be made in the Marquesas, given the prominent role of Marquesan cultural leaders in driving the UNESCO project and the interpretive shift it represents.…”

Section: Spiritual Sovereignty: Heritage and Manamentioning

confidence: 99%

Quilting Power:Mana,UNESCOand Spiritual Sovereignty in the Marquesas Islands

Donaldson

2022

Oceania

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The Marquesas Islands were added to UNESCO's Tentative World Heritage List (WHL) in 1996. Twenty‐five years later, the project to join the coveted WHL continues, plagued by volatile politics and, more subtly, an underlying discomfort with the colonial past. This world heritage initiative highlights key cultural and political tensions between the Marquesas and the two much larger partners involved in the project: Tahiti and France. As a colonial territory of France and an outlying archipelago of French Polynesia, the Marquesas see WHL status as a step toward greater global recognition and power. Yet UNESCO's specific requirements for how heritage is defined, perceived, and promoted threaten to suppress more local, embodied, and relational understandings of Marquesan heritage, echoing long‐standing colonial patterns of social and religious oppression. In particular, the troubled relationship between Islanders and their past trivializes questions about whether to recognize colonial or Indigenous ruins, illustrating the lasting entanglement of these histories and the insidious workings of power across local, state and territorial scales. While the WHL initiative expresses both Indigenous and colonial ambitions, different parties are using the term ‘heritage’ as a political tool that either voices or, in some cases, silences, Indigenous interpretations. The underlying link between Marquesan heritage and agency points to the critical role of spiritual sovereignty in the tense and dynamic interplay of power in contemporary French Polynesia.

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Section: Spiritual Sovereignty: Heritage and Manamentioning

confidence: 99%

Quilting Power:Mana,UNESCOand Spiritual Sovereignty in the Marquesas Islands

Donaldson

2022

Oceania

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“…Deep sea mining is viewed as a potential economic alternative in French Polynesia (Le Meur et al 2018) whereas it crystallizes growing tensions between customary and political authorities and the French state in Wallis and Futuna and it seems to be ‘ignored’ by the Coral Sea Natural Park in New Caledonia (Le Meur and Muni Toke 2021). The interplay between French sovereignty, Polynesian claims and environmental NGOs strategies results in changing configurations polarized by a tension between large‐scale Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) as new enclosures or forms of blue grabbing (Bennett and Govan 2015; Cornier and Leblic 2016) and large‐scale Marine Managed Areas (MMA) as exemplified in French Polynesia. In the latter case, the decision to establish a large‐scale MMA encompassing its whole EEZ can be interpreted as an act of sovereignty in reaction to the growing influence of big conservationist NGOs functioning according to an enclave logic similar to mining and agribusiness corporations.…”

Section: Postcolonial Turnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

France and Oceanian Sovereignties

Meur

Mawyer

2022

Oceania

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The character of sovereignty in its constitution, expression, and experience across Pacific Islands has come into renewed focus over recent years. Decades after the onset of the post‐war period of decolonization and independence, non‐self governing French territories in Oceania are seeing communities chart and navigate new relationships with sovereignty conceptions and practices across local, regional, and global scales. These navigations often evidence striking articulations of authority, rights, governance, and law rooted in enduring cultural values of Pacific Islander communities. Drawing nuanced attention to divergent historical and contemporary articulations of sovereignties in French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna, and Vanuatu, the seven articles gathered here collectively highlight the comparabilities, diversities, and trajectories in how sovereignties are being negotiated and contested by different communities within France entangled Oceania. This collection brings into visibility the complicated field of actors maintaining, transforming, or seeking to summon, establish or disestablish forms of sovereignty on the ground in everyday Oceanian worlds.

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Small-Scale Fisheries in New Caledonia: Towards a Fishers’ Perspective

Sabinot,

Bouard,

Fossier

et al. 2024

Geographies of New Caledonia-Kanaky

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Devoting a full chapter to the fishers of New Caledonia serves a dual purpose: firstly, to report on a practice driven by multiple rationales that are, for the most part, unknown or insufficiently understood in and outside the territory, and secondly, to show that the place that fishers occupy in the relationship between fish, ecosystems, fishing effort and consumption is much more complex than in other small-scale fisheries and management regimes. Drawing on anthropological and geographical research conducted since 2010, this chapter sketches a general picture of the main types of fishing practised in New Caledonia, focusing on presenting the fishers who undertake them. We discuss the place of fishing in the livelihood activities of Caledonians, irrespective of their social status, and examine the different purposes for which fishing is practised and that fishers assign to their practices. The conclusion focuses on ongoing efforts at the territorial and provincial levels to better incorporate the fishers’ diversity and functions in fisheries management policies.

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Kanak coastal communities and fisheries meeting new governance challenges and marine issues in New Caledonia

Cited by 5 publications

References 67 publications

Quilting Power:Mana,UNESCOand Spiritual Sovereignty in the Marquesas Islands

Quilting Power:Mana,UNESCOand Spiritual Sovereignty in the Marquesas Islands

France and Oceanian Sovereignties

Small-Scale Fisheries in New Caledonia: Towards a Fishers’ Perspective

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