Kanagawa-Negative, tdh- and trh-Positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Fresh Oysters Marketed in Fortaleza, Brazil

Vieira, Regine Helena Silva dos Fernandes; Costa, Renata Albuquerque; Menezes, Francisca Gleire Rodrigues de; Silva, Giselle C.; Theophilo, Grace Nazareth Diogo; Rodrigues, Dália P.; Maggioni, Rodrigo

doi:10.1007/s00284-011-9945-x

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The variability in the incidence of different species of Vibrio may be related to the fact that this study was conducted in the warmer spring and summer seasons, whereas the other study covered all four seasons. Vieira et al 4 also observed a higher prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus (30.3% of those isolated) in the oyster samples.…”

Section: Seawater Parametersmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The only ureasepositive strain, which also contained the trh gene, has been previously described by other authors 4,34 . According to these studies, urease positivity is an indication of virulence.…”

Section: Seawater Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some species, such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnifi cus and Vibrio cholerae, are potentially pathogenic to humans and may be present in fi sh and raw or partially cooked shellfi sh 3 . The possibility of seafood consumers becoming infected with pathogenic Vibrio from oyster consumption depends on the microbiological quality of the marine habitat as well as the handling and processing practices of these shellfi sh 4 . The occurrence of these bacteria is not related to the counts of either Escherichia coli or thermotolerant coliforms, which are primarily responsible for gastroenteritis related to seafood consumption 5 .…”

Section: Occurrence Of Potentially Pathogenic Vibrio In Oysters (Crasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of potentially pathogenic Vibrio in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and waters from bivalve mollusk cultivations in the South Bay of Santa Catarina

Ramos

Miotto

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:This research aimed to identify and quantify potentially pathogenic Vibrio from different cultivations of bivalve shellfi sh in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and water regions in the South Bay, as well as correlate the incidence of these microorganisms with the physicochemical parameters of marine waters. Methods: Between October 2008 and March 2009, 60 oyster and seawater samples were collected from six regions of bivalve mollusk cultivation, and these samples were submitted for Vibrio counts. Results: Twenty-nine (48.3%) oyster samples were revealed to be contaminated with one or more Vibrio species. The Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnifi cus counts in the samples ranged from < 0.5 log 10 Most Probable Number (MPN) g -1 to 2.3 log 10 MPN g -1 oyster and from < 0.5 log 10 MPN g -1 to 2.1 log 10 MPN g -1 oyster, respectively. Of the 60 seawater samples analyzed, 44 (73.3%) showed signs of contamination with one or more vibrio species. The counts of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnifi cus in the samples ranged from < 0.3 log 10 MPN·100mL -1 to 1.7 log 10 MPN·100mL -1 seawater and from < 0.3 log 10 MPN·100mL -1 to 2.0 log 10 MPN·100mL -1 seawater, respectively. A positive correlation between V. vulnifi cus counts and the seawater temperature as well as a negative correlation between the V. parahaemolyticus counts and salinity were observed. Conclusions:The results suggest the need to implement strategies to prevent vibrio diseases from being transmitted by the consumption of contaminated bivalve shellfi sh.

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Section: Seawater Parametersmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Seawater Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Occurrence Of Potentially Pathogenic Vibrio In Oysters (Crasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Occurrence of potentially pathogenic Vibrio in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and waters from bivalve mollusk cultivations in the South Bay of Santa Catarina

Ramos

Miotto

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…parahaemolyticus is commonly found in commensal relationships with shellfish (13), free living in the water column (14), attached to surfaces (2,15), in sediments (14), and within infaunal burrows (16). Most "environmental" V. parahaemolyticus strains are considered to be nonpathogenic due to low detection frequencies of tdh and trh (1,17,18). This is illustrated by detection of the tdh and trh genes in only 4.3% and 0.3% (respectively) of environmental V. parahaemolyticus strains from highly populated areas of the South Carolina and Georgia coasts (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Frequency of Virulence Factor Genes tdh , trh , and tlh in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains Isolated from a Pristine Estuary

West

Klein

Lovell

2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

133

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Virulence factor genes encoding the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) are strongly correlated with virulence of the emergent human pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The gene encoding the thermolabile hemolysin (tlh) is also considered a signature molecular marker for the species. These genes are typically reported in very low percentages (1 to 2%) of nonclinical strains. V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from various niches within a pristine estuary (North Inlet, SC) and were screened for these genes using both newly designed PCR primers and more commonly used primers. DNA sequences of tdh and trh were recovered from 48% and 8.3%, respectively, of these North Inlet strains. The recovery of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains in such high proportions from an estuarine ecosystem that is virtually free of anthropogenic influences indicates the potential for additional, perhaps environmental roles of the tdh and trh genes.

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“…The human pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus is commonly found associated with shellfish, particularly oysters (1,2). Depuration is a controlled process in which shellfish are placed into clean seawater to reduce the bacterial contaminants in their tissues.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Is a Multifactorial Process Involving Pili and Flagella but Not Type III Secretion Systems or Phase Variation

Aagesen

Phuvasate

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus can resist oyster depuration, suggesting that it possesses specific factors for persistence. We show that type I pili, type IV pili, and both flagellar systems contribute to V. parahaemolyticus persistence in Pacific oysters whereas type III secretion systems and phase variation do not.T he genus Vibrio consists of a group of bacteria that naturally inhabit aquatic environments worldwide. The human pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus is commonly found associated with shellfish, particularly oysters (1, 2). Depuration is a controlled process in which shellfish are placed into clean seawater to reduce the bacterial contaminants in their tissues. However, depuration is not very effective at reducing the numbers of V. parahaemolyticus cells in oysters (3), and little is known about the association of V. parahaemolyticus with oysters.Both type I and type IV pili are important for bacterial attachment to a variety of surfaces (4-6). V. parahaemolyticus encodes a homologue of type I pili that is most similar to the CsuA/B operon from Acinetobacter baumannii (7) and homologues of two wellstudied type IV pili from vibrios, the mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) and the chitin-regulated pilus (PilA) (http://img .jgi.doe.gov/) (8, 9). Vibrio vulnificus uses PilA for persistence in Crassostrea virginica (10, 11). Both type IV pili are involved in biofilm formation in V. parahaemolyticus (12). Flagella are often critical during early stages of bacterial colonization of a surface (13,14). V. parahaemolyticus possesses a single, polar flagellum used for movement in liquid (reviewed in reference 14) as well as peritrichous (lateral) flagella for surface movement (15-17 and reviewed in reference 18). Many bacterial pathogens use type III secretion systems (T3SSs) for survival in the host by injecting virulence factors directly into the host. V. parahaemolyticus encodes two T3SSs that exhibit different phenotypes during disease (19)(20)(21). V. parahaemolyticus also exhibits "phase variation" and can switch from an opaque (OP) to a translucent (TR) phenotype based on polysaccharide production (22). In this study, we examined the role of V. parahaemolyticus pili, flagella, phase variation, and T3SSs in persistence in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas.Oysters were collected from Oregon Oyster Farm (Newport, OR) and exposed to ϳ10 5 CFU/ml of V. parahaemolyticus for 16 to 18 h at room temperature (ϳ20°C) with a recirculating pump. Algae were added to the tank to facilitate uptake according to the manufacturer's recommendation (Phytoplex; Kent Marine). Depuration was conducted at 19 to 20°C for 48 to 72 h. At each time point, animals from each exposure tank were weighed, homogenized, and diluted with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for enumeration on tryptic soy agar (TSA) supplemented with 1.5% NaCl and either 100 g/ml streptomycin, 60 g/ml chloramphenicol, 10 g/ml phosphomycin, or 50 g/ml kanamycin, depending on the strain (see Table S1 in the supplemental material), to eliminate naturally occurring bac...

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Kanagawa-Negative, tdh- and trh-Positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Fresh Oysters Marketed in Fortaleza, Brazil

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Occurrence of potentially pathogenic Vibrio in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and waters from bivalve mollusk cultivations in the South Bay of Santa Catarina

Occurrence of potentially pathogenic Vibrio in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and waters from bivalve mollusk cultivations in the South Bay of Santa Catarina

High Frequency of Virulence Factor Genes tdh , trh , and tlh in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains Isolated from a Pristine Estuary

Persistence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas, Is a Multifactorial Process Involving Pili and Flagella but Not Type III Secretion Systems or Phase Variation

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