KAMPOmics: A framework for multidisciplinary and comprehensive research on Japanese traditional medicine

Yamamoto, Masahiro

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2022.146555

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Although a 5% decrease in antimicrobial use was observed, this difference was not likely to be clinically significant. This is because, generally, Kampo herbal medicine has milder effects than Western medicine [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescription of Choreito, a Japanese Kampo Medicine, with Antimicrobials for Treatment of Acute Cystitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

et al. 2022

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Choreito, a Japanese Kampo medicine, is used to treat Japanese female patients for the quick relief of inflammatory symptoms associated with acute cystitis. We evaluated whether Choreito is effective in reducing antibiotic use and the number of clinic visits for these patients. Females aged 18–49 years who had acute cystitis for the first time, with no history of medical insurance use within 90 days prior to their visit, and no hospitalizations within the 30 days after their first visit were identified from the JMDC Claims Database between April 2018 and March 2021. For the 30 days after their first visit, patients who were given their first antimicrobial prescriptions with or without Choreito were compared regarding (i) the number of clinic visits, (ii) total antimicrobial prescription days, and (iii) the number of antimicrobial prescriptions adjusted for their age, Charlson comorbidity index, and the COVID-19 pandemic period (after April 2020). For the 319 and 8515 patients with or without a Choreito prescription, respectively, multivariable Poisson regression analyses showed that Choreito was significantly associated with a 5% shortening of a patient’s total antimicrobial prescription days (Beta, 0.950; p = 0.038), whereas no significant difference was observed in the number of clinic visits and antimicrobial prescriptions (p = 0.624 and p = 0.732, respectively). The prescription of Choreito in combination with antimicrobials was associated with a slight reduction in total antimicrobial use for acute cystitis among females.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescription of Choreito, a Japanese Kampo Medicine, with Antimicrobials for Treatment of Acute Cystitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

et al. 2022

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“…Japanese herbal medicines originated in ancient China and are widely used in Japan for a variety of conditions (31, 32). HKT (30) is one of the formulations and is taken for symptoms of mental anxiety, stagnant gas in the stomach and usually poor digestive function.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intron retention can be an excellent marker for evaluating the depressed state and useful for discovering new pathways in the recovery of depression by a drug

Okada,

Oshima,

Maruko

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: Peripheral inflammation is often associated with depressive disorders, and immunological biomarkers of depression remain a focus of investigation. METHODS: We performed RNA-seq analysis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) RNA transcripts from a case-control study including subjects with self-reported depression in the pre-symptomatic state of major depressive disorder (MDD), and analysed differential expression of genes (DEGs) and intron retention (IR) using rMats. RESULTS: Among the DEGs with a statistically significant value, both 651 up-regulated and 820 down-regulated genes were enriched in GO (gene ontology) terms of innate and adaptive immunity. The former was particularly enriched in bacterial infection and phagocytosis, while the latter was enriched in genes related to antigen presentation and T cell proliferation and maturation. Genes with the 158 increased and 211 decreased IRs (termed IncIR and DecIR genes, respectively) in the depressed subjects were analysed. Their GO terms were very similar to those of the up- and down-regulated genes, with an emphasis on ciliary assembly and function in the DecIR. The results also showed that a Japanese herbal medicine partially reversed the depression in these subjects after recovering the DecIR and IncIR genes. By imposing the recovered genes on the network of depressed subjects, several new pathways for recovery from depression were successfully discovered. CONCLUSION: Depression was associated with activation of the innate immune response and relative inactivation of T cell signalling. DEGs reflect physiological demands at the transcriptional level, whereas IRs are a mechanism for fine-tuning cytoplasmic homeostasis. Accordingly, IR is a stress response and IR genes are sensors of the physiological state in the cytoplasm. In particular, where ciliary genes were detected by IR analysis, it is expected that there is a defect in ciliary function or immune synaptogenesis in depression. We demonstrate the potential of IR biomarkers in the immunological stratification of depressed patients and their utility in the discovery of novel pathways involved in recovery from depression.

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“…Aspirin is a typical plant-derived drug, isolated from willow trees [1], and currently, other plant-derived medicines such as artemisinin, an antimalarial drug derived from wormwood leaves, have been widely used [2]. Kampo (traditional Japanese) medicine is a good example of the use of such plant-derived ingredients; it was introduced from ancient mainland China before the spread of Western medicine in Japan in the late 18th century [3], and recently, a variety of plant-derived ingredients have been used for the promotion of a healthy lifestyle [4]. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has rekindled interest in the activities of natural substances for managing clinical outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals and Vitamin D for a Healthy Life and Prevention of Diseases

Santa

Watanabe

Kumazawa

et al. 2023

IJMS

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A variety of phytocompounds contained in medical plants have been used as medication, including Kampo (traditional Japanese) medicine. Phytochemicals are one category of the chemical compounds mainly known as antioxidants, and recently, their anti-inflammatory effects in preventing chronic inflammation have received much attention. Here, we present a narrative review of the health-promotion and disease-prevention effects of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, the latter of which are abundant in onions, oranges, tea, soybeans, turmeric, cacao, and grapes, along with the synergetic effects of vitamin D. A phenomenon currently gaining popularity in Japan is finding non-disease conditions, so-called ME-BYO (mibyou) and treating them before they develop into illnesses. In addition to lifestyle-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome and obesity, dementia and frailty, commonly found in the elderly, are included as underlying conditions. These conditions are typically induced by chronic inflammation and might result in multiple organ failure or cancer if left untreated. Maintaining gut microbiota is important for suppressing (recently increasing) intestinal disorders and for upregulating immunity. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the interest in phytochemicals and vitamin D for disease prevention increased, as viral and bacterial infection to the lung causes fatal inflammation, and chronic inflammation induces pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, sepsis is a disorder inducing severe organ failure by the infection of microbes, with a high mortality ratio in non-coronary ICUs. However, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) working using natural immunity suppress sepsis at the early stage. The intake of phytochemicals and vitamin D enhances anti-inflammatory effects, upregulates immunity, and reduces the risk of chronic disorders by means of keeping healthy gut microbiota. Evidence acquired during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed that daily improvement and prevention of underlying conditions, in terms of lifestyle-related diseases, is very important because they increase the risk of infectious diseases. This narrative review discusses the importance of the intake of phytochemicals and vitamin D for a healthy lifestyle and the prevention of ME-BYO, non-disease conditions.

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KAMPOmics: A framework for multidisciplinary and comprehensive research on Japanese traditional medicine

Cited by 11 publications

References 77 publications

Prescription of Choreito, a Japanese Kampo Medicine, with Antimicrobials for Treatment of Acute Cystitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Prescription of Choreito, a Japanese Kampo Medicine, with Antimicrobials for Treatment of Acute Cystitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Intron retention can be an excellent marker for evaluating the depressed state and useful for discovering new pathways in the recovery of depression by a drug

Phytochemicals and Vitamin D for a Healthy Life and Prevention of Diseases

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