Kalman Observer Contribution to a Second Order Sliding Mode Control for Wind Turbine Based on DFIG During the Network Voltage Dip

Abstract

The main problem of the Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is its sensitivity to network disturbances especially voltage dip due to its stator windings being directly linked to the network. A voltage dip in the network results from high current peaks in the stator windings, since the stator and rotor are electromagnetically coupled, so these peaks provoke inrush current hard at the delicate back-to-back converters and an overcharge of the DC-LINK capacitor. In this perspective, several researchers are realized a linear and nonlinear controller with a passive protection method (PPM). The objective of this paper is to develop modelling and control models based on a true DFIG model considering the effect of all the parameters of a stator winding. The Second-Order Sliding Mode controller (SOSMC) is the non-linear control strategy used to control the dynamics of the DFIG through the rotor-side and network-side power converters under normal network conditions. When a voltage dip is detected, the Kalman observer (KO) contributes to a non-linear controller and the latter is coupled to a passive protection method that contains crowbar and DC-chopper circuits to improve the dynamics of the DFIG system to cross the network fault. Also, a comparative study is carried out between the developed controller and other linear ,non-linear approaches exist in the literature. The results obtained, under a maximum voltage dip (100%) on the 60 kV network, confirm its robustness and superiority in terms of limiting the DFIG graders at the beginning and on termination of a fault. In terms of Ir and Vdc values during a voltage dip, our control strategy does not exceed 1.45p.u and 1.2p.u, on the contrary, the ABC with HGO which is developed recently reaches 2.2p.u and 0.4p.u.

Enhancing Fault Ride-Through Capacity of DFIG-Based WPs by Adaptive Backstepping Command Using Parametric Estimation in Non-Linear Forward Power Controller Design

“…The RSPC's active (Pr) and reactive (Qr) power output can be articulated in terms of the d-and q-components of currents and voltages, expressed as follows [35]:…”

“…In the same way, the active (Pf) and reactive (Qf) power delivered from the NSPC to the network can be expressed in terms of the corresponding d-and q-components of currents and voltages, expressed as follows [35]:…”

Enhancement of LVRT Ability of DFIG Wind Turbine by an Improved Protection Scheme with a Modified Advanced Nonlinear Control Loop

“…The production of electricity is rapidly moving towards natural energy sources: photovoltaic, wind, biomass, hydroelectricity, and tides, because of the negative impact of the combustion of energy from fossil fuels on the biological environment. Wind-generated energy is one of the best sources of energy because it is usually available 24 h a day [1,2]. There are three main motivations for the DFIG to gain considerable importance for wind energy retrievers.…”

Crowbar With a Parallel RpLp Configuration Using PI Controller to Solve the Problem of DFIG-Wind Farm Stability During a Symmetrical Fault

“…Fig. 1 presents the LVRT curve described in this document, which dictates that wind turbines must maintain network connection during short-circuit faults, as long as the tension at the point of common coupling (PCC) remains above the continuous voltage line [10].…”

“…To guarantee continuous network connectivity amidst disruptions, it's imperative for the system to incorporate fault ride-through (FRT) techniques that provide it with the capability to surmount faults. A plethora of distinct FRT methodologies have been suggested in existing literature and can be categorized as follows: the inclusion of supplementary protective mechanisms, such as the crowbar technique [11][12][13], crowbar with series dynamic braking resistors (SDBR) [14,15], and crowbar with DC-chopper [3,7,10,[16][17][18][19][20]; as well as the deployment of reactive power supply solutions like the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) [21,22] and dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) [23].…”