K/O co-doping and introduction of cyano groups in polymeric carbon nitride towards efficient simultaneous solar photocatalytic water splitting and biorefineries

Abstract

The simultaneous production of hydrogen and biomass-based chemicals from biomass-derived feedstocks aqueous solutions via photocatalysis is appealing because no additional sacrificial agent is needed. However, limited successes have been achieved....

Photo-splitting xylose and xylan to xylonic acid and carbon monoxide

“…However, most studies for the synchronous production of chemicals and H 2 from the biomass aqueous solution were reported, in which H 2 generated from water splitting and biomass served as a sacrificial agent. [7][8][9][10][11] However, for the CO, when no additional carbon source was added, CO could be generated via the selective oxidation of biomass only. For example, Wang et al reported that CO could be generated from glycerol via Cu/TiO 2 under the irradiation of LED light (365 nm), giving 0.06 mmol g −1 h −1 of CO evolution.…”

Potassium and Sulfur Dual Sites on Highly Crystalline Carbon Nitride for Photocatalytic Biorefinery and CO2 Reduction

“…28 The vibrational peak at 810 cm −1 is attributed to the out-of-plane bending of the heptazine rings. 29 For K@CN and K/S@CN-x, the peak at 995 cm −1 probably belongs to the symmetric and asymmetric vibrations of the NC 2 bonds in metal-NC 2 units, 47,48 indicating that K + ions are incorporated between the heptazine-based melon chains. Besides, a new characteristic peak located at 2173 cm −1 was observed in the K@CN and K/S@CN-x, corresponding to cyano groups (−C�N).…”

Carbon quantum dots anchored on 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazole-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene for efficient selective photo splitting of biomass-derived sugars into lactic acid

“…Although good yields were achieved, most of them suffered from a slow reaction process, high energy consumption and harsh reaction conditions. 8–10 To address these issues, some works reported that photocatalytic synthesis of lactic acid was achieved with the merits of mild reaction conditions and short reaction time, which was accompanied by the development of some photocatalysts ( e.g. , CC 1 @ m CN x , CuO@CS–H, Cu/Cu 2 O/CuO@CA and Bi/Bi 2 O 3 @N-BC).…”

“…Although good yields were achieved, most of them suffered from a slow reaction process, high energy consumption and harsh reaction conditions. [8][9][10] To address these issues, some works reported that photocatalytic synthesis of lactic acid was achieved with the merits of mild reaction conditions and short reaction time, which was accompanied by the development of some photocatalysts (e.g., CC 1 @mCNx, CuO@CS-H, Cu/Cu 2 O/CuO@CA and Bi/Bi 2 O 3 @N-BC). [11][12][13][14] However, in view of the photocatalyst cost, preparation process, lactic acid yield and the overall energy consumption of the catalytic system, developing an economic, efficient and metal-free photocatalyst for the photocatalytic synthesis of lactic acid is of great significance, but challenging.…”