K-bentonite beds and high-resolution integrated stratigraphy of the uppermost Ordovician Wufeng and the lowest Silurian Longmaxi formations in South China

Su, Wenbo; He, Lijuan; Wang, Yongbiao; Gong, Shuyun; Zhou, Huayi

doi:10.1360/01yd0225

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The associated Hirnantian Fauna is recognized as a cool/cold water fauna (Rong et al, 2002), possibly related to global cooling during the Hirnantian glacial episode (~445-444 Ma). Biostratigraphic control in the study sections is provided by graptolites, for which regional and global zonation schemes for the Ordovician-Silurian are well-established (Chen et al, 2000a(Chen et al, , 2000bSu et al, 2003;Cooper and Sadler, 2012; see summary in Zhou et al, 2015).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These shales were deposited synchronously across the Yangtze Sea in response to increasing deepwater restriction linked to Kwangsian tectonism (Chen et al, 2014) in combination with increases in marine productivity triggered by terrigenous nutrient inputs (See Section 6.3; Chen et al, 2011;Yan et al, 2012). Moreover, high marine productivity can be driven by volcanically sourced nutrients (Dawson, 2000;Su et al, 2003;Jones and Gislason, 2008;Olgun et al, 2013), and the Wufeng Formation contains abundant volcanic ash beds (Su et al, 2009). These beds record plinian eruptive events from a syn-collisional volcanic arc on the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Platform (related to convergence of the Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks) based on analysis of K-bentonite compositions (Su et al, 2006(Su et al, , 2009.…”

Section: Implications For Organic Accumulation In O-s Black Shales Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TOC values are relatively high through the upper Katian and the early Hirnantian but reach a minimum in the middle Hirnantian. In late Hirnantian and Rhuddanian, TOC increases gradually Chen et al (2000aChen et al ( , 2000b and Su et al (2003). and reaches a peak in the lower part of this interval.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The O-S transition interval in South China was marked by major regional volcanic and tectonic events, including frequent volcanic eruptions (Su et al, 2003(Su et al, , 2007(Su et al, , 2009) and the Kwangsian Orogeny (Chen et al, , 2014. The composition of K-bentonites in the O-S black shale succession indicates a source related to subduction-zone volcanism, possibly associated with convergence of the Cathaysia and Yangtze blocks (Su et al, 2003(Su et al, , 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition of K-bentonites in the O-S black shale succession indicates a source related to subduction-zone volcanism, possibly associated with convergence of the Cathaysia and Yangtze blocks (Su et al, 2003(Su et al, , 2006. The Kwangsian Orogeny, first proposed by Ting (1929), was a major tectonic event that produced an angular unconformity between O-S strata and overlying Devonian strata in South China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global and regional controls on marine redox changes across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary in South China

Liu

Algeo

et al. 2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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The Ordovician-Silurian (O-S) transition coincided with significant environmental and biological changes. In South China, the Yangtze Platform experienced both global and regional events at this time, including sea-level fluctuations, tectonic movements, volcanic eruptions, mass extinction, and widespread anoxia. The O-S transitional strata of the Yangtze Platform comprise organic-rich black shales that are an important oil source rock. To explore the evolution of watermass chemistry and its relationship to organic matter accumulation, we conducted an integrated Fe-S-C geochemical study (i.e., Fe-speciation, δ 13 C org , δ 34 S py , pyrite-S and TOC) of the O-S boundary sections at Datianba (Chongqing Municipality) and Shuanghe (Sichuan Province). These sections were located in the restricted inner Yangtze Sea, in contrast to the previously studied Wangjiawan section, which was deposited in a more open setting of the outer Yangtze Sea. In contrast to the well-oxygenated conditions at Wangjiawan, the Datianba and Shuanghe sections record persistently anoxic, and episodically euxinic, conditions during the Hirnantian, which can be explained by the unique paleogeography and restricted hydrography of the inner Yangtze Sea. We propose that the regional Kwangsian Orogeny, which was driven by collision of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, played a key role in basin development, watermass chemistry changes, and accumulation of Wufeng Formation black shales within the Yangtze Sea. The more widespread black shales of the Lower Silurian Lungmachi Formation were linked to the post-Hirnantian global marine transgression.

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Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Organic Accumulation In O-s Black Shales Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global and regional controls on marine redox changes across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary in South China

Liu

Algeo

et al. 2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Diversification patterns of Early and Mid Ordovician graptolites in South China

2007

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During the Early and Mid Ordovician, graptoloids underwent a dramatic diversification. Many clades (e.g. anisograptids, dichograptids and biserials) originated and subsequently diversified during this interval, playing the most important roles in the evolution history of graptolites. In this study we conduct an analysis of the generic and species diversity history of Early to Mid Ordovician graptolites from the Yangtze Region (platform) and Jiangnan Region (slope) of South China, and provide evidence that the regionally distinct biodiversification patterns are related to the different representative environments of each region.Graptolite diversity measured across graptolite zones displays a remarkable increase in both regions during the Early to Mid Ordovician, but with distinct scales and patterns in each region. In the Upper Yangtze Region, the diversification is less rapid and can be divided into four phases. The second major diversification phase (early Arenig) is characterized by the rapid expansion of dichograptids, and the fourth diversification phase (mid‐late Darriwilian), which is preceded by a decline (third phase), is typified by the flourishing of biserial graptolites. The diversification of graptolites in the Jiangnan Region is more dramatic and shows a distinct pattern of rapid, progressive and sustained diversity rise from the early Arenig to the early Darriwilian. This rapid diversification is initially driven by the expansion of dichograptids and subsequently enhanced by the significant addition of glossograptids and diplograptids.A comparison of diversity patterns between the Upper Yangtze Region, the Jiangnan Region, Australasia, Baltoscandia and Avalonia indicates: (1) the global Arenig expansion of dichograptids is also recorded in South China, (2) the diversity pattern of the Upper Yangtze Region is largely comparable to that of Baltoscandia and Avalonia, but is considerably different from that of Australasia, and (3) the sustained rapid increase of graptolite diversity in the Jiangnan Region is not shared by any of the other regions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Genetic analysis of bentonite—Permian Wangpo shale in Liangshan, Hanzhong, South Shaanxi Province

et al. 2017

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Fine pyroclastic materials form bentonites through subsidence, hydrolysis, and argillation in alkaline marine environments, which can further transform to K‐bentonite. Bentonites or K‐bentonites are quite popular with geologists because their formation often reflects geologic events. However, studies mainly focus on K‐bentonite, and research on ordinary bentonites in China is almost nonexistent. Recent research shows that the Wangpo shale consists of ordinary bentonites. Through thorough field investigations, indoor experimentation and analysis, and comparison of petrologic and geochemical characteristics of the Wangpo shale with K‐bentonites, this paper explores the nature and genesis of source rocks and provides a basis for the study of ordinary bentonites. The petrological study shows that the Wangpo shale is a montmorillonite vitric tuff, which is mainly composed of montmorillonite and small amounts of quartz, opal, and heulandite. These indicate that it is a typical bentonite. In addition, the rock contains an abundance of fossils reflecting a coastal–shallow sea depositional environment. We chose the elements with stable chemical characteristics for obtaining source rock characteristics, and the results showed that the Wangpo shale has a genetic relationship with neutral alkaline magma. As a boundary between the Upper Permian and the Middle Permian, the Wangpo shale has an internal connection with eruption of the Emeishan basalt in Southwest China. In combination with previous work, it can be inferred that studying the volcanic activity represented by the Wangpo shale plays an important role in studying Emeishan large igneous provinces and the end‐Guadalupian mass extinction.

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K-bentonite beds and high-resolution integrated stratigraphy of the uppermost Ordovician Wufeng and the lowest Silurian Longmaxi formations in South China

Cited by 52 publications

References 14 publications

Global and regional controls on marine redox changes across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary in South China

Global and regional controls on marine redox changes across the Ordovician-Silurian boundary in South China

Diversification patterns of Early and Mid Ordovician graptolites in South China

Genetic analysis of bentonite—Permian Wangpo shale in Liangshan, Hanzhong, South Shaanxi Province

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