Juvenomimetic and Insecticidal Activities ofSenecio salignus(Asteraceae) andSalvia microphylla(Lamiaceae) onSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract

Plant extracts can be used as an alternative to synthetic insecticides for the control of insect pests. Based on this knowledge, juvenomimetic and insecticidal activities of n-hexane extracts of the aerial parts of Senecio salignus DC. (Asteraceae) and Salvia microphylla Kunth (Lamiaceae) collected in Mexico were evaluated against 1st instar larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith & Abbot (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Senecio salignus extract showed insecticidal activity at 500 ppm, resulting in larval mortality of 52.5% and pupal mortality of 62.5%. Salvia microphylla extract at the same concentration caused larval mortality of 65.0% and pupal mortality of 82.5%. The LC50 was 440 ppm for S. salignus extract and 456 ppm for S. microphylla extract based on the total larval period. The juvenomimetic activity of S. salignus extract at 500 ppm increased the duration of the larval period to 17.3 d and of the pupal period to 1.4 d. It also reduced pupal weight by 34.7% with respect to the control (241 mg). For S. microphylla extract at 500 ppm, the duration of the larval and pupal periods were increased by 2.0 and 12.1 d, respectively, and the pupal weight was reduced by 14.1% with respect to the control (243 mg). The major compounds of S. salignus extract were γ-sitosterol, palmitic acid, lupeol, and β-amyrin, and those of S. microphylla extract were oleic acid, γ-sitosterol, (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrien-1-ol, and palmitic acid. These results indicate that both extracts have potential to be used to control S. frugiperda due to their juvenomimetic and insecticidal activities.

Nutritional assessment, phytochemical composition and antioxidant analysis of the pulp and seed of medjool date grown in Mexico

“…The pulp and seed extracts were subjected to qualitative chemical tests to identify the presence of chemical constituents present using the following methods: (1) alkaloids: Meyer, Wagner, and Dragendorff reagents; (2) sterols and triterpenes: Liebermann/Burchard reagent; (3) tannins: ferric chloride and gelatin; (4) saponins: Bubble test; (5) flavonoids: Shinoda test; (6) coumarins: Erlich reagent; (7) anthraquinone glucosides: alkaline reaction; (8) carbohydrates: Benedict’s reagent (Cai, Shi & Gao, 2011; Tiwari et al, 2011; Romo-Asunción et al, 2016).…”

GC-MS Analysis and Biological Activities of Algerian Salvia microphylla Essential Oils

“…EOs are also valorized for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities [28]. In addition, the literature has described the insecticidal activity of the n-hexane extracts [29]. In Algeria, this species is used in traditional medicine for some stomach ailments.…”

Effect of acaricidal compound extracted from Arachis hypogaea Linn against Tetranychus cinnabarinus

“…Similarly, a synthetic concoction based on 0.93, 1.18, 1.82 and 1.68 µg of myristic, stearic, palmitoleic and palmitic acids, respectively, was reported to lure some insect species (Adhikary, Mukherjee, & Barik, ). Furthermore, Romo‐Asunción et al () demonstrated that palmitic acid showed insecticidal and juvenomimetic activities against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae upon exposure to 1,600 ppm of palmitic acid, with an LC 50 value of 989 ppm. In addition, Liu et al () found that palmitic acid displayed strong antifungal activity, including suppression of mycelial growth and an inhibitory effect against spore germination, which might indicate great potential for exploring alternative effective measures for controlling plant diseases.…”