Jurors' Locus of Control and Defendants' Attractiveness in Death Penalty Sentencing

Beckham, Crystal M; Spray, Beverly J.; Pietz, Christina A.

doi:10.3200/socp.147.3.285-298

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The effect of physical appearance on differential treatment has been a frequent subject of psychological research (Feingold, 1992;Beckham et al, 2007;Jonason, 2009). However, empirical studies of its impact on employee turnover, particularly among female auditors, are rare.…”

Section: Physical Appearancementioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the actual turnover decisions of female auditors in public accounting

Law

2010

Managerial Auditing Journal

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If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The inability of public accounting practices to retain female auditors is of concern to the profession. The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors associated with the actual turnover decisions made by female auditors in the public accounting profession. Design/methodology/approach -Multinomial logistic regression is used to analyze survey data from 247 female auditors who were formerly employed by public accounting firms in Hong Kong. About 20 semi-structured interviews are conducted to supplement the findings. Findings -The results reveal that role conflict has the highest explanatory power among the independent variables. Social comparison with peers, stress and age are also influential factors in the turnover decisions made by female auditors in the public accounting field. These results support social comparison theory, which asserts that individuals are driven to evaluate their abilities and opinions through social comparison with others. A particularly interesting finding is that neither physical appearance nor gender discrimination is an influential factor, which contradicts the findings of research carried out in the USA and Japan. Originality/value -According to human capital theory, the departure of female auditors from the public accounting profession represents a significant loss in human capital. Public accounting firms should thus take immediate measures to retain this valuable source of human capital and achieve the goal of a gender-diverse workplace.

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Section: Physical Appearancementioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the actual turnover decisions of female auditors in public accounting

Law

2010

Managerial Auditing Journal

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“…Overall, then, the attraction-leniency bias has been shown to operate across decision makers (judges and jurors), types of crime, and trial type (criminal and civil), albeit it is moderated by the seriousness of the crime (Beckham & Spray & Pietz, 2007) and the strength of evidence against the defendant (Erian et al, 1998). 2 In view of evidence that jurors are, at least occasionally, influenced by extralegal factors and at times give improper weight to such factors in their decision-making, one might ask whether certain personality types might be more susceptible to extralegal influences of the type described above.…”

Section: The Attraction Leniency Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

When emotionality trumps reason: A study of individual processing style and juror bias

Gunnell

Ceci

2010

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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''Cognitive Experiential Self Theory'' (CEST) postulates that information-processing proceeds through two pathways, a rational one and an experiential one. The former is characterized by an emphasis on analysis, fact, and logical argument, whereas the latter is characterized by emotional and personal experience. We examined whether individuals influenced by the experiential system (E-processors) are more susceptible to extralegal biases (e.g. defendant attractiveness) than those influenced by the rational system (R-processors). Participants reviewed a criminal trial transcript and defendant profile and determined verdict, sentencing, and extralegal susceptibility. Although Eprocessors and R-processors convicted attractive defendants at similar rates, Eprocessors were more likely to convict less attractive defendants. Whereas R-processors did not sentence attractive and less attractive defendants differently, E-processors gave more lenient sentences to attractive defendants and harsher sentences to less attractive defendants. E-processors were also more likely to report that extralegal factors would change their verdicts. Further, the degree to which emotionality trumped rationality within an individual, as measured by a novel scoring method, linearly correlated with harsher sentences and extralegal influence. In sum, the results support an ''unattractive harshness'' effect during guilt determination, an attraction leniency effect during sentencing and increased susceptibility to extralegal factors within E-processors.

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“…In negligent homicide cases, both physically attractive and unattractive defendants were declared guilty at equal rates; however, when they were sentenced, physically attractive defendants were sentenced more leniently than unattractive defendants (Landy and Aronson, 1969). Other scholars have suggested that observations of the attraction-leniency effect are limited to less severe and victimless offenses (Downs and Lyons 1991, Mazzella and Feingold 1994, Beckham et al 2007. After applying more realistic jury simulations or controlling for seriousness of crime and race, the effects of physical attractiveness on legal leniency disappear altogether (Weiten 1994, Kutys 2013.…”

Section: Angels and Demons In Front Of The Jurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beauty and the Welfare State

Polyzoidis¹

2019

IJHSS

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People spend billions of dollars on improving their image. Beautiful men and women are perceived as happier and more intelligent, trustworthy, successful and popular. There is plenty of scientific evidence that shows that physical appearance plays a significant role in political elections, education, the labor market, income and justice. All these findings lead to the plausible question of whether physical appearance has an impact on welfare provisions. The purpose of this paper is not to answer this question directly but to investigate whether it is worth exploring further. We discuss the possible impact of physical attractiveness on health and social security and attempt to discover its possible impact on social care through an empirical approach based on primary data collected by a survey targeting people who are active in social care organizations. The main conclusion is that physical attractiveness has an indirect impact on health services and social security and a marginal impact on social care provision.

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Jurors' Locus of Control and Defendants' Attractiveness in Death Penalty Sentencing

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Examination of the actual turnover decisions of female auditors in public accounting

Examination of the actual turnover decisions of female auditors in public accounting

When emotionality trumps reason: A study of individual processing style and juror bias

Beauty and the Welfare State

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