Jurisdiction, Crime, and Development: The Impact of Public Law 280 in Indian Country

Dimitrova‐Grajzl, Valentina; Grajzl, Peter; Guse, A. Joseph

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2093681

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…were largely ineffective at reducing crime (Dimitrova-Grajzl, Grajzl, and Guse, 2014). Thus, using PL280 assignment to evaluate the effects of financial development is not confounded by either pre-existing or subsequent differences in law and order across reservations.…”

Section: Reservation Institutions and Public Law 280mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing Up Without Finance

Brown

Cookson²,

Heimer

2016

SSRN Journal

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Early-life exposure to local financial institutions increases household financial inclusion and leads to long-term improvements in consumer credit outcomes. We identify the effect of local financial markets using Congressional legislation that led to unintended differences in financial market development across Native American reservations. Individuals from financially underdeveloped reservations enter consumer credit markets later, and upon reaching adulthood, have 10 point lower credit scores and 4 percentage point more delinquent accounts. These effects are long-lived and depreciate slowly after individuals move to more developed areas. Formative exposures to local banking improve consumer credit behavior by increasing financial literacy and financial trust.

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Section: Reservation Institutions and Public Law 280mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing Up Without Finance

Brown

Cookson²,

Heimer

2016

SSRN Journal

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“…Though the rationale for PL 280 was to prevent 'lawlessness' in Indian country, it is best understood as part of the federal government's effort to replace separatist policies with ones of assimilation and destruction of Indian institutions that characterized much of federal policy since the 1930s (Hall, 1989). It has failed to do so because of inadequate funding for reservation law enforcement and lack of incentive to police reservations (Dimitrova-Grajzl et al, 2014;Goldberg and Valdez, 2008). President Nixon ended the termination policy in 1970.…”

Section: Current Policing Regimes In Indian Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PL 280 enabled other states to unilaterally assert jurisdiction over the reservations within their borders. Law enforcement issues continued unabated as lack of political constraints meant these states rarely did anything (Dimitrova-Grajzl et al ., 2014). The tribes and states not included under PL 280 continued to receive little federal law enforcement assistance.…”

Section: A History Of Policing In Indian Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Community policing on American Indian reservations: a preliminary investigation

Crepelle

Fegley

Murtazashvili

et al. 2022

Journal of Institutional Economics

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In the 1970s, Elinor Ostrom and her colleagues found that neighborhood policing works better than metropolitan policing. Though Ostrom articulated design principles for self-governance, the early studies of neighborhood policing did not. In this paper, we articulate the design principles for self-governing policing, which we term Ostrom-Compliant Policing. We then apply this framework to an understudied case: policing on American Indian reservations. Policing in Indian country generally falls into one of three categories – federal policing (by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Federal Bureau of Investigation), state policing (by municipal and state police departments), and tribal policing (by tribal police departments) – that vary in the degree of centralization. Our main contribution is to show that tribal policing as it is practiced in the United States, which claims to be self-governing, is not Ostrom-Compliant. Thus, our approach offers insight into why high crime remains an ongoing challenge in much of Indian country even when tribes have primary control over policing outcomes. This does not mean centralization is better, or that self-governance of policing does not work. Rather, our research suggests that a greater tribal autonomy over-policing and meta-political changes to federal rules governing criminal jurisdictions is necessary to implement Ostromian policing.

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“…For example, the legal literature contends that PL280 was (in part) a targeted assimilation program, and hence, the law did little to improve levels of crime on these American Indian reservations, which has recently been studied empirically byDimitrova-Grajzl et al (2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Indirect Effects of Judicial Institutions: Evidence from American Indian Reservations

Cookson

2012

SSRN Journal

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Jurisdiction, Crime, and Development: The Impact of Public Law 280 in Indian Country

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Growing Up Without Finance

Growing Up Without Finance

Community policing on American Indian reservations: a preliminary investigation

Direct and Indirect Effects of Judicial Institutions: Evidence from American Indian Reservations

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