1998
DOI: 10.1174/021347498760349616
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Jurados: de su composición y sus efectos en la toma de decisión grupal

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Cited by 3 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Their data confirm the persuasive importance of certain peripheral cues of eyewitnesses, independently of the content of their statements, for instance, their physical attraction or status, or their rhetoric abilities (Sobral & Prieto, 1993). However, a jury meets all the necessary criteria to be considered a group, and, inevitably, decisions about the innocence or guilt of an accused person have preferentially attracted the attention of other group of social psychologists (Arce, Fariña, & Real, 1998;Arce, Sobral, & Fariña, 1990). The level of variability in the assignment of prison terms by Spanish judges was also analyzed.…”
Section: Judicial Psychologymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Their data confirm the persuasive importance of certain peripheral cues of eyewitnesses, independently of the content of their statements, for instance, their physical attraction or status, or their rhetoric abilities (Sobral & Prieto, 1993). However, a jury meets all the necessary criteria to be considered a group, and, inevitably, decisions about the innocence or guilt of an accused person have preferentially attracted the attention of other group of social psychologists (Arce, Fariña, & Real, 1998;Arce, Sobral, & Fariña, 1990). The level of variability in the assignment of prison terms by Spanish judges was also analyzed.…”
Section: Judicial Psychologymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…If we consider group structure in its broadest sense, that is, including size, roles, status, and norms, the most representative research has been directed toward the study of individuation and group dimensions as the defining elements of structure (Ayestarán, 1993c) as well as the analysis of some particular structure components, like norms (and particularly the perverse norm), the analysis of roles in experiential groups (Huici, 1979), and so on. Likewise, research dealing with the effect of composition on diverse aspects of a group in different types of groups, from juries (Arce, Fariña & Red, 1998) to work teams (Alcover & Gil, 1999a), can be considered to be strongly linked to group structure.…”
Section: Content Analysis Of Small Group Researchmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sin embargo, trabajos anteriores (Arce, 1989;Arce, Sobral y Fariña, 1992) demuestran que ante una evidencia contrabalanceada, Jurados homogéneos en variables psicosociales y con una tendencia de sesgo inversa (p.e., progresistas vs. conservadores), llegan en determi-nados casos a veredictos postdeliberación contrarios. El sesgo inherente a la homogeneidad podía llevar incluso a anomalías en cuanto al contenido de la deliberación (Arce, Fariña y Sobral, 1994), a estilos de deliberación controlados (Arce, Sobral y Fariña, 1990a) y a deliberaciones más redundantes (en términos cognitivos, más rígidas) (Arce, Sobral y Fariña, 1990b). A la vista de estos resultados es muy posible que estos jurados compartieran umbrales de decisión muy leniles o muy duros.…”
Section: Violaciónunclassified
“…Así, recientemente se ha tendido, mediante las instrucciones judiciales a los jurados, a definir qué es la duda razonable. Un estudio de la mayoría de las definiciones, presentadas por los jueces norteamericanos en los últimos años, evidencian que se han orientado a reducir la certidumbre en la decisión de los jurados para combatir una posible indulgencia en los jurados (véase un estudio empírico al respecto en Arce, Fariña y Vila, 1995), resultando en un sesgo hacia la culpabilidad (Horowitz, 1997;Horowitz y Kirkpatrick, 1996). Además en este sentido, Kalven y Zeisel (1966) señalan como una de las posibles causas de ausencia de coincidencia de los veredictos de jueces y jurados, los diferentes umbrales de decisión que manejan.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified