Junin Virus Isolation from Lympho-Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever

Abstract

Detection of viremia was attempted by three different methods in 30 cases of Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF). Cocultivation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with Vero cell monolayers was the most sensitive, detecting Junin virus (JV) in 96% of the cases. Inoculation of whole blood into suckling mice and on Vero cells rendered 53 and 46% of positive isolations, respectively. The results presented suggest that PBMC are infected with JV during the acute period of AHF. JV was isolated with decreasing frequency up to 3 days after treatment with immune plasma, but no virus was recovered from PBMC during early convalescence.

Lipopolysaccharide inhibits the production of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in a human monocytic cell line

“…However, some adverse effects of arenavirus infections may arise by release of cytokines and other soluble mediators from infected cells, either directly or in the course of the antiviral immune response Frei et al, 1989). Since cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage are both targets and reservoirs for LCMV and other arenaviruses (Jacobs & Cole, 1976;Murphy & Walker, 1978;Peters et al, 1987; "~ Present address: CDC/NCID/DVRV Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, U.S.A. Ambrosio et al, 1990), it would be of interest to understand the modulation of mediators subsequent to virus infection of these cells. Monocytes/macrophages secrete a variety of pleiotropic cytokines, including interleukin 1 (IL-1) (Krakauer & Oppenheim, 1992), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-~t) (Beutler & Cerami, 1986) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (Van Snick, 1990).…”

Argentine hemorrhagic fever vaccines

“…12 Confirmatory diagnosis is made by JUNV isolation and/or specific serological conversion. [13][14][15] AHF epidemics occur yearly involving a variable number of cases from historical 3,500 to current 30 to 50 confirmed cases per year.…”

Arenaviruses: Hemorrhagic Fevers

“…Virulent JUNV strains damage macrophages extensively in vivo and are able to replicate in both dendritic cells and macrophages isolated from infected guinea pigs spleens, whereas attenuated strains, which are not immunosuppressive, replicate only in dendritic cells [76,111]. During the acute period of AHF, viral antigens are also detected in lymphatic tissues, and JUNV can be regularly isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by co-cultivation [123]. Decrease in B and CD4 + lymphocyte values are compatible with diminished or, at least, delayed B-cell function, which seems to be involved in the outcome of the disease.…”