Juncus effusus mono-stands in restored cutover peat bogs – Analysis of litter quality, controls of anaerobic decomposition, and the risk of secondary carbon loss

Agethen, Svenja; Knorr, Klaus‐Holger

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.11.020

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Wavenumber, cm-1 Assignment Compound class Reference 2920 Antisymmetric CH2 wax, lipid (Niemeyer et al 1992;Cocozza et al 2003) 2850 Symmetric CH2 Wax, lipid (Niemeyer et al 1992;Cocozza et al 2003) 1710 C=O stretch of COOH Carboxylic acids (Niemeyer et al 1992) 1653 C=O of amides P r o t e i n a c e o u s compounds (Artz et al 2008;Agethen and Knorr 2018) 1650 -1600 A r o m a t i c C = C stretching; C-O in COOH L i g n i n a n d o t h e r aromatics, carboxylates (Niemeyer et al 1992) 1550 N-H in-plane vibration P r o t e i n a c e o u s compounds (Artz et al 2008;Agethen and Knorr 2018) 1515 A r o m a t i c C = C stretching L i g n i n , p h e n o l i c s , aromatics (Niemeyer et al 1992;Cocozza et al 2003) 1450 -CH deformation and -CH bending…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 32 scans were collected for each sample and averaged, a KBr background was subtracted, and a baseline correction was applied prior to further evaluation. Relative peak intensities and organic matter functional moieties were interpreted following existing studies (Niemeyer et al 1992;da Luz 2006;Agethen and Knorr 2018;Hodgkins et al 2018) and as listed in Table 1. We focused on wavenumbers indicative of aliphatics, waxes (2,850 to 2,920 cm -1 ), of organic acids, !…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silicon accumulation in rice plant aboveground biomass affects leaf carbon quality

et al. 2019

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Background and aim Silicon is known to be able to substitute carbon in plant biomass, especially in cellulose, lignin and phenols. However, a more comprehensive picture regarding the effect of silicon accumulation on plant carbon quality (cellulose, lignin, phenol, wax, lipids, and free organic acids content) with regard to potential decomposability is still missing. Methods Two different rice varieties (French brown and red rice cultivars) were cultivated under five different soil silicon availabilities. After maturity we harvested the plants and analyzed them regarding carbon quality by FTIR spectroscopy and regarding plant silicon concentrations. Results Silicon accumulation was found to be dependent on silicon availability and on the specific rice cultivar. The lowering of carbon compounds content by silicon was found not to be restricted to cellulose, lignin and phenol. Silicon accumulation was able to decrease other carbon compounds such as fat, wax, lipids, and free organic acids, too. Conclusions Consequently, silicon is important for the carbon quality of silicon accumulating plants. Furthermore, silicon accumulation in plants is interfering with a large range of different carbon compounds potentially altering the leaf economic spectra, decomposability, and thus potentially interfering with the whole performance of ecosystems dominated by silicon accumulating plant species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon accumulation in rice plant aboveground biomass affects leaf carbon quality

et al. 2019

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“…While studies of nutrient-poor and mesotrophic boreal fens have documented post-rewetting CH 4 emissions comparable to or lower than at pristine sites (Komulainen et al, 1998;Tuittila et al, 2000;Juottonen et al, 2012), studies of temperate nutrient-rich fens have reported post-flooding CH 4 emissions dramatically exceeding emissions in pristine fens (e.g., Augustin and Chojnicki, 2008;Hahn et al, 2015). These high emissions typically occur together with a significant dieback in vegetation, a mobilization of nutrients and electron acceptors in the upper peat layer, and increased availability of dissolved organic matter (Zak and Gelbrecht, 2007;Hahn-Schöfl et al, 2011;Hahn et al, 2015;Jurasinski et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predominance of methanogens over methanotrophs in rewetted fens characterized by high methane emissions

Unger

Jurasinski

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The rewetting of drained peatlands alters peat geochemistry and often leads to sustained elevated methane emission. Although this methane is produced entirely by microbial activity, the distribution and abundance of methane-cycling microbes in rewetted peatlands, especially in fens, is rarely described. In this study, we compare the community composition and abundance of methane-cycling microbes in relation to peat porewater geochemistry in two rewetted fens in northeastern Germany, a coastal brackish fen and a freshwater riparian fen, with known high methane fluxes. We utilized 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on 16S rRNA, mcrA, and pmoA genes to determine microbial community composition and the abundance of total bacteria, methanogens, and methanotrophs. Electrical conductivity (EC) was more than 3 times higher in the coastal fen than in the riparian fen, averaging 5.3 and 1.5 mS cm−1, respectively. Porewater concentrations of terminal electron acceptors (TEAs) varied within and among the fens. This was also reflected in similarly high intra- and inter-site variations of microbial community composition. Despite these differences in environmental conditions and electron acceptor availability, we found a low abundance of methanotrophs and a high abundance of methanogens, represented in particular by Methanosaetaceae, in both fens. This suggests that rapid (re)establishment of methanogens and slow (re)establishment of methanotrophs contributes to prolonged increased methane emissions following rewetting.

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“…We analyzed 30 and 32 samples from MB-1 and P-1, respectively, for FTIR on an Agilent 660 FT-IR spectrometer (Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA). Spectra were recorded in a range of 4,000-6,500 cm −1 (4 cm −1 resolution) on KBr pellets (2 mg sample in 200 mg KBr) (Sadoh et al, 2014). After baseline correction, peak height ratios were calculated for absorption at~1,630 and 1,090 cm −1 to determine the abundance of aromatic and carboxylate moieties relative to polysaccharides (Artz et al, 2008;Broder et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Long‐term Impacts of Permafrost Thaw on Carbon Storage in Peatlands: Deep Losses Offset by Surficial Accumulation

et al. 2020

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Peatlands in northern permafrost regions store a significant proportion of global soil carbon. Recent warming is accelerating peatland permafrost thaw and thermokarst collapse, exposing previously frozen peat to microbial decomposition and potential mineralization into greenhouse gases. Here, we show from a site in the sporadic‐discontinuous permafrost zone of western Canada that thermokarst collapse leads to neither large losses nor gains following thaw, as deep carbon losses are offset by surficial accumulation. We collected peat cores along two thaw chronosequences, from peat plateau, through young (~30 years since thaw), intermediate (~70 years), and mature (~200 years) thermokarst bog locations. Macrofossil and 14C analysis showed synchronicity of peatland development until recent thaw, with wetland initiation ~8,500 cal yr BP followed by succession through peatland stages prior to permafrost aggradation ~1,800 cal yr BP. Analysis and modeling of soil carbon stocks indicated 8.7 ± 12.4 kg C m−2 of carbon accumulated prior to thaw was lost in ~200 years post‐thaw. Despite these losses, there was no observed increase in peat humification as assessed by Fourier transform infrared and C:N ratios. Rapid peat accumulation post‐thaw (9.8 ± 1.6 kg C m−2 over 200 years) offset deeper losses. Our approach constrains the net carbon balance to be between uptake of 27.3 g C m−2 yr−1 and loss of 106.6 g C m−2 yr−1 over 200 years post‐thaw. While our approach cannot determine whether thermokarst bogs in the sporadic‐discontinuous permafrost zone act as long‐term carbon sinks or sources post‐thaw, our study better constrains post‐thaw C losses and gains.

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Juncus effusus mono-stands in restored cutover peat bogs – Analysis of litter quality, controls of anaerobic decomposition, and the risk of secondary carbon loss

Cited by 26 publications

References 80 publications

Silicon accumulation in rice plant aboveground biomass affects leaf carbon quality

Silicon accumulation in rice plant aboveground biomass affects leaf carbon quality

Predominance of methanogens over methanotrophs in rewetted fens characterized by high methane emissions

Long‐term Impacts of Permafrost Thaw on Carbon Storage in Peatlands: Deep Losses Offset by Surficial Accumulation

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