Jumping to conclusions in untreated patients with Parkinson's disease

Costa, Flavio Henrique de Rezende; Averbeck, Bruno B.; O’Sullivan, Sean S.; Vincent, Maurice; Rosso, Ana Lucia; Lees, Andrew J.; Djamshidian, Atbin

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.03.002

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This suggests that reflection impulsivity and irrational decision‐making are enhanced in RLS patients regardless of dopaminergic treatment, but that RLS patients with DT tend to jump to conclusions even more than drug naïve patients. Our findings are in line with studies in RLS patients with augmentation, drug naïve patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD patients treated with DT who also tended to jump to conclusions on the Beads task . While in PD, it is possible that, according to the inverted “ U ” shape hypothesis, too little or too much dopamine D2/D3 stimulation causes jumping to conclusion behavior and poor task performance, the reasons for the poor performance in RLS are unclear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Thus, the aim of this study was to assess cognitive impulsivity, specifically reflection impulsivity and perceptual decision‐making, in drug naïve RLS patients and those treated with DT. The Pixel task (assessing perceptual decision‐making) and the Beads task (assessing reflection impulsivity) have been used in a large cohort of patients with and without behavioral addictions. In both tasks, information has to be sampled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reflection impulsivity perceptual decision‐making in patients with restless legs syndrome

Heim

Pertl

Stefani

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate perceptual decision‐making and reflection impulsivity in drug naïve patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and patients with dopaminergic therapy.MethodsA total of 35 RLS patients (20 who were drug naïve regarding dopaminergic medication and 15 patients treated with dopaminergic therapy without augmentation or impulse control disorders) were included in this study. We used the Beads task and the Pixel task which assess reflection impulsivity and perceptual decision‐making, respectively. Results were compared to 20 healthy controls.ResultsBoth RLS patient groups gathered less evidence than healthy controls in the Beads task before making a decision (P < 0.001), but patients with dopaminergic treatment gathered less information than drug naïve patients (P = 0.026). Moreover, both patient groups made more choices against the evidence than healthy controls (both P < 0.01), but there was no difference between the two patient groups. In the Pixel task, we found an effect of task difficulty on reaction times with patients and controls responding faster with reduced task difficulty. There was neither an effect of group on reaction times nor an effect of group on error rates.ConclusionsReflection impulsivity is common in RLS patients, regardless whether they are drug naïve or treated with dopaminergic therapy. Thus, RLS patients tend to gather less information compared to healthy controls which could have a negative effect on decision‐making in daily life and should be investigated further.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflection impulsivity perceptual decision‐making in patients with restless legs syndrome

Heim

Pertl

Stefani

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sampling less information before making a decision, or “jumping to conclusions”, as well as irrational decision making is common in drug naïve PD patients [21], PD patients with impulse control disorders [20], patients with schizophrenia [31], binge drinkers [19], and substance abusers [18,22]. A neuroimaging study in healthy controls showed that a wide brain network including the parietal and prefrontal cortex, the anterior insula, and also the striatum are activated during the beads task [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haste makes waste: Decision making in patients with restless legs syndrome with and without augmentation

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo investigate decision making in patients with primary restless legs syndrome (RLS) with and without augmentation treated with dopaminergic medication.MethodsA total of 64 non-demented RLS patients treated with dopaminergic medication with and without augmentation were included in this study. We used an information sampling task to assess how much evidence participants gather before making a decision. Performance was compared to the results of 21 healthy controls.ResultsAll patients with and without augmentation gathered less information than healthy controls before making a decision (p<0.001), but there was no difference between the two patient groups (p = 1.0). Furthermore, both patient groups made more irrational decisions (e.g. decisions against the evidence they had at the time) than healthy controls (p≤0.002). In addition, RLS patients with augmentation made significantly more irrational decisions than RLS patients without augmentation (p = 0.037) and controls (p<0.001).ConclusionsOur results show that RLS patients treated with dopaminergic drugs, regardless of having augmentation or not, jumped to conclusions and decided significantly more often against the evidence they had at the time of their decision. However, those with augmentation performed worse than all other groups and made more often irrational decisions, a phenomenon which is also common in patients with substance abuse or behavioural addictions. Thus, jumping to conclusions and deciding with a higher degree of uncertainty as well as irrational decision making is more common in RLS patients treated with dopaminergic medication particularly in those with augmentation.

show abstract

“…Our results raise the possibility that these disorders and treatments may also affect the motivation to seek information about future events. While this has been little studied, there is evidence that Parkinson's disease reduces the motivation to gather information needed for upcoming decisions 91 and impairs learning from early access to information about uncertain outcomes 92 . Taken together, our work provides a foundation for understanding the neural network mechanisms by which information is detected, predicted, and used to motivate behavior.…”

Section: Implications For Basal Ganglia Circuitry Underlying Motivatementioning

confidence: 99%

A neural network for information seeking

White

Bromberg-Martin

Heilbronner

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Humans and other animals often show a strong desire to know the uncertain rewards their future has in store, even when they cannot use this information to influence the outcome. However, it is unknown how the brain predicts opportunities to gain information and motivates this information seeking behavior.Here we show that neurons in a network of interconnected subregions of primate anterior cingulate cortex and basal ganglia predict the moment of gaining information about uncertain rewards. Spontaneous increases in their information prediction signals are followed by gaze shifts toward objects associated with resolving uncertainty, and pharmacologically disrupting this network reduces the motivation to seek information. These findings demonstrate a cortico-basal ganglia mechanism responsible for motivating actions to resolve uncertainty by seeking knowledge about the future.We therefore hypothesized that information seeking behavior is motivated by an analogous neural network that encodes information predictions. Specifically, in order for a neural network to motivate ongoing information seeking behavior, it must (A) monitor the level of uncertainty about future events, (B) anticipate the time when information will become available to resolve the uncertainty, (C) activate before information-seeking behaviors, such as gaze shifts to inspect the source of uncertainty, (D) causally motivate behavior to obtain information.Here we demonstrate that these criteria are met by an anatomically interconnected network comprising three areas of the primate brain: the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and two subregions of the basal ganglia (BG), the internal-capsule-bordering portion of the dorsal striatum (icbDS) and the anterior pallidum including anterior globus pallidus and the ventral pallidum (Pal). RESULTS A cortico-basal ganglia network monitors reward uncertainty

show abstract

Jumping to conclusions in untreated patients with Parkinson's disease

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Reflection impulsivity perceptual decision‐making in patients with restless legs syndrome

Reflection impulsivity perceptual decision‐making in patients with restless legs syndrome

Haste makes waste: Decision making in patients with restless legs syndrome with and without augmentation

A neural network for information seeking

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About