July temperature during the second millennium reconstructed from Idaho tree rings

Biondi, Franco; Perkins, Diana; Cayan, Daniel R.; Hughes, Malcolm K.

doi:10.1029/1999gl900272

Cited by 44 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Y-axis is the PDSI value where values < -4 indicate extreme drought and > +4 indicate extremely wet conditions. b) East-central Idaho July temperature reconstruction (grey line; Biondi et al, 1999) with a 10-year running mean (black line). Y-axis is temperature departure from the long-term mean in standard deviation units.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate during the LIA shows generally lower levels of variability in the western USA (Cook, 2004;Cook et al, 2007), though tree-ring reconstructions of summer temperatures in the Sawtooth and Salmon River Mountains indicate multidecadal periods of extreme cooling ca. 650, 610, 560, and after 350 cal yr BP (Biondi et al, 1999). Nonetheless, substantial fire-related debris-flow activity occurred in the MFSR in both upper and lower basins 570-320 and 260-0 cal yr BP.…”

Section: Late Holocene Wildfire and Climate (4 -02 Ka)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prominence of this peak is in part due to better preservation and exposure of young alluvial sediments, but it also corresponds to a period of relative warmth and drought ca. 550 cal yr BP in tree-ring reconstructions (Biondi et al, 1999), and is preceded by a century-long period of colder and effectively wetter climate that likely allowed denser forest stands to develop.…”

Section: Late Holocene Wildfire and Climate (4 -02 Ka)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vegetative and climatic controls on Holocene wildfire and erosion recorded in alluvial fans of the Middle Fork Salmon River, Idaho

2015

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This is an author-produced, peer-reviewed version of this article. AbstractThe Middle Fork Salmon River watershed spans high-elevation mixed-conifer forests to lowerelevation shrub-steppe. In recent decades, runoff from severely burned hillslopes has generated large debris flows in steep tributary drainages. These flows incised alluvial fans along the mainstem river, where charcoal-rich debris-flow and sheetflood deposits preserve a record of latest Pleistocene to Holocene fires and geomorphic response. Through deposit sedimentology and 14 C dating of charcoal, we evaluate the processes and timing of fire-related sedimentation and the role of climate and vegetation change. Fire-related deposits compose ~66% of the total measured fan deposit thickness in more densely forested upper basins versus ~33% in shrubsteppe-dominated lower basins. Fires during the middle Holocene (~8000 -5000 cal yr BP) mostly resulted in sheetflood deposition, similar to modern events in lower basins. Decreased vegetation density during this generally warmer and drier period likely resulted in lowerseverity fires and more frequent but smaller fire-related sedimentation events. In contrast, thick fire-related debris-flow deposits of latest Pleistocene-early Holocene (~13,500-8000 cal yr BP) and late Holocene (< 4000 cal yr BP) age are inferred to represent higher-severity fires, though data in the former period are limited. Widespread fires occurred in both upper and lower basins within the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (1050-650 cal yr BP) and the early Little Ice Age ca. 550 cal yr BP. We conclude that a generally cooler late Holocene climate and a shift to denser lodgepole pine forests in upper basins by ~2500 cal yr BP provided fuel for severe fires during episodic droughts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Late Holocene Wildfire and Climate (4 -02 Ka)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Late Holocene Wildfire and Climate (4 -02 Ka)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vegetative and climatic controls on Holocene wildfire and erosion recorded in alluvial fans of the Middle Fork Salmon River, Idaho

2015

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“…Other strategies are available to improve tree ring reconstructions of surface temperature. Some of these strategies involve using maximum temperature instead of mean temperature (Luckman and Wilson 2005), combining multiple tree ring parameters related to temperature (Helle and Schleser 2004), sampling species with opposing responses to temperature (Biondi et al 1999), and applying mechanistic models to tree ring records (Anchukaitis et al 2006).…”

Section: Temperature Reconstructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years

North¹

2006

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Our understanding of climate and how it has varied over time is advancing rapidly as new data are acquired and new investigative instruments and methods are employed. Thus in 2005, I suggested to the U.S. Congress that the National Research Council (NRC) could help answer questions about the data and methods that have been used in constructing records of Earth's surface temperatures from times when there were no scientific instruments, using proxy indicators. How has temperature varied over the last 2,000 years? How certain is the answer to this question? Subsequently, this study was requested by Representative Sherwood Boehlert, chairman of the Committee on Science, U.S. House of Representatives. Chairman Boehlert asked for a clear and concise report in a relatively short period of time, and the NRC agreed to undertake the study quickly. An ad hoc committee was formed, with the group carefully composed to include the breadth and depth of expertise and perspectives needed to analyze all aspects of how surface temperatures are estimated and interpreted and to comment generally on climate science. The NRC asked the committee to summarize current scientific information on the temperature record for the past two millennia, describe the main areas of uncertainty and how significant they are, describe the principal methodologies used and any problems with these approaches, and explain how central is the debate over the paleoclimate temperature record to the state of scientific knowledge on global climate change.The committee has prepared a report that, in my view, provides policy makers and the scientific community with a critical view of surface temperature reconstructions and how they are evolving over time, as well as a good sense of how important our understanding of the paleoclimate temperature record is within the overall state of scientific knowledge on global climate change. The report does not make policy recommendations.I thank the members of the committee, who worked intensely to produce this careful report in a short period of time and contributed much personal time, insight, and energy. ForewordCopyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11676.htmlThe NRC staff and all those who contributed papers, data, graphics, and other information, as well as the independent experts who participated in the rigorous review process, were essential participants. Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11676.html ix This committee was asked to describe and assess the state of scientific efforts to reconstruct surface temperature records for the Earth over approximately the last 2,000 years. (The full Statement of Task appears in Appendix A.) Normally, a technical issue such as surface temperature reconstructions might not generate widespread attention, but this case brings interesting lessons about how science works and how science, especially climate science, is commun...

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“…[13] Previous studies have noted the presence of regional differences between existing width-based temperature reconstructions from across the Rocky Mountains [Kipfmueller, 2008;Biondi et al, 1999;Salzer and Kipfmueller, 2005], which has been attributed to spatial heterogeneity in surface temperature trends. This mechanism however, cannot be called upon to explain the isotope and width discrepancy observed at the Almagre Mountain site as the two records are co-located with one another.…”

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confidence: 99%

Secular temperature trends for the southern Rocky Mountains over the last five centuries

Berkelhammer

Stott

2012

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Pre-instrumental surface temperature variability in the Southwestern United States has traditionally been reconstructed using variations in the annual ring widths of high altitude trees that live near a growth-limiting isotherm. A number of studies have suggested that the response of some trees to temperature variations is non-stationary, warranting the development of alternative approaches towards reconstructing past regional temperature variability. Here we present a five-century temperature reconstruction for a highaltitude site in the Rocky Mountains derived from the oxygen isotopic composition of cellulose (d 18 O c ) from Bristlecone Pine trees. The record is independent of the co-located growth-based reconstruction while providing the same temporal resolution and absolute age constraints. The empirical correlation between d18 O c and instrumental temperatures is used to produce a temperature transfer function. A forward-model for cellulose isotope variations, driven by meteorological data and output from an isotope-enabled General Circulation Model, is used to evaluate the processes that propagate the temperature signal to the proxy. The cellulose record documents persistent multidecadal variations in d18 O c that are attributable to temperature shifts on the order of 1 C but no sustained monotonic rise in temperature or a step-like increase since the late 19th century. The isotope-based temperature history is consistent with both regional wood density-based temperature estimates and some sparse early instrumental records. Citation: Berkelhammer, M., and L. D. Stott (2012), Secular temperature trends for the southern Rocky Mountains over the last five centuries, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L17701,

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July temperature during the second millennium reconstructed from Idaho tree rings

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Vegetative and climatic controls on Holocene wildfire and erosion recorded in alluvial fans of the Middle Fork Salmon River, Idaho

Vegetative and climatic controls on Holocene wildfire and erosion recorded in alluvial fans of the Middle Fork Salmon River, Idaho

Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years

Secular temperature trends for the southern Rocky Mountains over the last five centuries

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