Judicial quality, contract intensity and exports: Firm-level evidence

Wang, Yongjin; Wang, Yanling; Li, Kunwang

doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2014.08.002

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…6 A detailed discussion of some of the advantages of sub-national data can be found in Snyder (2001). 7 Wang et al (2014) also focus on Chinese provinces using the cross-sectional data from a 2008 survey of firms. institutional quality without calculating full marginal effects of institutional quality on the performance of manufacturing sectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Institutional Quality on Manufacturing Sectors in Russia: Panel Data Analysis

Alexeev

Chernyavskiy

2019

SSRN Journal

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We use the 2005-2012 data for Russian regions to show that higher regional institutional quality strongly benefits institutionally-dependent manufacturing sectors in terms of both gross output levels and growth rates. Unlike the existing literature on this topic, which uses crosssectional or pooled specifications, we focus on panel data analysis. This approach mitigates endogeneity concerns and allows for calculating full marginal effects of institutions on manufacturing sectors with different degrees of institutional dependence. Our results imply that significant institutional improvements are needed in order for the Russian economy to diversify away from heavy reliance on oil and natural gas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Institutional Quality on Manufacturing Sectors in Russia: Panel Data Analysis

Alexeev

Chernyavskiy

2019

SSRN Journal

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“…O papel desempenhado pelas instituições no desenvolvimento das nações é consenso entre pesquisadores de diversas vertentes (Coase, 1998;Cooter & Ulen, 2016;Cross & Donelson, 2010;Haggard & Tiede, 2011;Hall & Jones, 1999;LaPorta, Lopez-de-Silanes, Shleifer, & Vishny, 1998;Matthews, 1986;North, 1991;Saona & San Martín, 2016;Sherwood, Shepherd, & De Souza, 1994;Timm, 2009;Wang, Wang, & Li, 2014;Williamson, 2000;Woodruff, 2006), cumprindo o Estado de Direito e o Sistema judiciário importante função ao garantir a estabilidade ao ambiente institucional e suprir as condições necessárias para o progresso.…”

Section: Metodologiaunclassified

“…Vários autores examinaram o efeito das instituições e dos sistemas jurídicos sobre o crescimento econômico ou outras medidas de bem-estar humano. (Acemoglu, Johnson, & Robinson, 2001;Alchian & Demsetz, 1973;Almeida & Zylbersztajn, 2012;Azevedo & Silva, 2007;Bednar, 2004;Borner, Brunetti, & Weder, 1992;Castelar, 2009;Cooter & Ulen, 2016;Cross & Donelson, 2010;Djankov et al, 2002;Haggard & Tiede, 2011;Hall & Jones, 1999;La Porta, Lopez-De-Silanes, Shleifer, & Vishny, 1997;LaPorta et al, 1998;North, 1991;Rezende & Zylbersztajn, 2012, 2012Sanches & Bataglia, 2015;Sztajn & Zylbersztajn, 2005;Timm, 2009;Wang et al, 2014;Woodruff, 2006 Essas informações corroboram que a incerteza no ambiente institucional brasileiro é maior que o enfrentado no ambiente norte-americano pelos produtores rurais, ao decidirem quais atividades integram dentro de suas fazendas.…”

Section: Sistema Judiciáriounclassified

“…Por exemplo, Page (1994), (como citado emBuscaglia & Ulen (1997) constatou que aproximadamente 65% do tempo dos juízes brasileiros é gasto em tarefas não judiciais.Uma implicação importante do trabalho de Buscaglia e Ulen (1997) é que o desenvolvimento da capacidade dos tribunais para satisfazer a demanda é um dos aspectos mais importantes, mas pouco notado, nas estratégias de desenvolvimento econômico da América Latina. Em 1994, os juízes no Brasil citaram a melhoria da tecnologia da informação, a revisão dos procedimentos judiciais e a criação de tribunais de pequeno porte como os elementos mais importantes para uma reforma judicial.A qualidade judicial reflete a importância das instituições que, por sua vez, afetam as decisões de nível micro, segundoWang et al (2014). A baixa qualidade do sistema judiciário tem impactos no desenvolvimento econômico de um país, mas também no ambiente microeconômico, o das organizações, onde também apresenta efeitos adversos.…”

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“…Quando a execução do contrato (enforcement) é eficiente, as empresas são mais propensas a se envolverem com novos demandantes ou clientes em geral.A qualidade judiciária é capaz de afetar as exportações das empresas por meio de sua eficiência na solução de disputas contratuais de negócios. As empresas em regiões com melhor qualidade do sistema judiciário apresentaram, no estudo, vantagem comparativa na exportação dos bens que fornecem insumos intermediários fortemente dependentes de relacionamentos (intensivos em contratos), devido à economia de custos em um sistema eficiente de solução de litígios Wang et al (2014). estudaram a questão utilizando dados de exportação de mais de 77.000 empresas em 30 províncias da China e examinaram a importância da qualidade judicial, medida na eficiência do sistema judiciário no enforcement dos contratos e na decisão e no volume de exportação das empresas.No estudo,Wang et al (2014) utilizaram-se da premissa que, na China, Embora as atividades comerciais estejam sujeitas a um sistema regulatório uniforme estabelecido pelo governo central, as autoridades locais têm uma grande liberdade e poder em termos de política econômica e de aplicação da legislação nacional.…”

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Interferências do ambiente institucional nas estruturas de governança de cadeias do agronegócio

Mascarin¹

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Institutions are an important theme in the organizational environment and in the competitiveness of companies. The main objective of this research is to study the influence of the institutional environment on the choice of the firm's governance structures, in particular the judicial system's interference. According to the New Institutional Economics, some forms of governance and contractual relations presents advantages over others, depending on factors such as transaction costs, value creation, decision-making and uncertainty. The organizations are inserted in the Institutional Environment, formed by the institutions, their norms and regulations. Interaction between institutions and organizations designs the institutional evolution of an economy (North, 1994). Besides shaping economic development, changes in the institutional environment, property rights, contract law, norms and customs induce changes in the comparative governance costs of organizations (Williamson, 1993). In Brazil, outsourcing was not viewed favorably by the Labor Court because, in its opinion, the practice could harm the rights acquired by workers. Sumula 331 of the High Court of Labor prohibited the outsourcing of company's main activities before Law 13.429 of 2017, entailing problems for the companies that opted to disintegrate activities of its scope. This thesis had in the lawsuits filed by the Public Labor Ministry against companies in the agribusiness sector the motivation to study the influence of the institutional environment in the choice of governance structures. In order to better understand this influence, research takes place in two different institutional environments: Brazil and the United States, the choice being justified because they have two different judicial systems regarding legal origin and the form that they are organized for solving disputes. The empirical analysis is based on the qualitative approach, once Brazilian legislation's change about it recent and quantitative data are not available. Case studies have been developed in both countries with farmers to analyze their governance structures, value created in outsourced activities, and uncertainty in the institutional environment. Uncertainty is the variable that links the strategy adopted and the producers' perception of the judicial system in their countries. The results of the case studies reinforce that the judicial system influences the governance structures of the agribusiness networks and that uncertainty plays an important role in this choice. As well as the value created in the outsourcing transaction is a relevant variable during decision making. Therefore, in addition to the academic contribution, the thesis contributes to public policies creation, which would generate first-order economizing. And also managerial contribution to address and to alert managers to the variables that generate second-order economics. In general, the present study develops an approach for the examination of the governance structures, making an interface between Law and Economi...

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Data envelopment analysis to investigate the Italian legal system and its reform

Falavigna

Ippoliti

2023

Journal of Public Affairs

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This work investigates the Italian judicial system and discusses the designing of a policy reform to boost the efficiency of courts, considering the human resources available as well as the expenditure generated by the process to deliver justice. The authors present the benchmarks and shed light on how policy makers embarking on such a process of reform may be misled by inappropriate model definition. In detail, the authors propose a comparative analysis of technical efficiency (TE) scores computed using data envelopment analysis, adopting the same output (number of settled cases) and two alternative sets of inputs (judicial expenditure and human resources). According to the results, without considering the information extracted from the two complementary benchmark analyses, policy makers might be misled in the reform process. Regarding the elements that affect the performance of courts, it may be possible to improve the efficiency of judicial districts by working on judicial procedures. Hence, these are the domains where interventions by policy makers may prove successful. As for policy implications, the models and benchmarks presented here could be used to devise a reform of the judicial system aimed at enhancing its TE, while also keeping public expenditure under control.

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Judicial quality, contract intensity and exports: Firm-level evidence

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

The Impact of Institutional Quality on Manufacturing Sectors in Russia: Panel Data Analysis

The Impact of Institutional Quality on Manufacturing Sectors in Russia: Panel Data Analysis

Interferências do ambiente institucional nas estruturas de governança de cadeias do agronegócio

Data envelopment analysis to investigate the Italian legal system and its reform

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