Judd–Ofelt analysis and stimulated-emission cross-sections for highly doped (38at%) Er:YSGG laser crystal

Abstract

In the present paper, we report on a comprehensive spectroscopic study of yttrium scandium gallium garnet, YSGG, highly-doped (38 at.%) with Er 3+ ions. Main focus of this work is the determination of stimulated-emission cross-sections spectra for ~1.5 μm ( 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 ) and ~3 μm ( 4 I 11/2 → 4 I 13/2 ) transitions of Er 3+ ions, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Absorption cross-sections spectra are also determined. This information is crucial for development of novel near-IR and mid-IR erbium lasers. To determine radiative lifetimes of the excited states of Er 3+ ions, we involve Judd-Ofelt theory modified for systems with an intermediate configuration interaction. Up-conversion is also studied for this crystal. Finally, laser operation with Er:YSGG crystal at ~3 μm is achieved.We confirm that the manuscript is the authors' original work; it has not been published and it has not been submitted simultaneously elsewhere. We also confirm that all authors have checked the manuscript and have agreed to the submission.Dear Editor, Thank you for considering our manuscript for publication in Journal of Luminescence and for permitting us this opportunity to respond to the reviewers' comments. We welcome the comments from the reviewers and have complied with all of the comments.A detailed list of the corrections follows. Reviewer #1The authors have answered satisfactorily all my requirements. There is only one more thing I have not noticed up to now and I really have to check: 1. Page 3: The authors do not specify explicitly whether the contributions of the magnetic dipole to the experimental oscillator strengths were subtracted before fitting the data with the Judd-Ofelt model. If they were subtracted, please specify this fact in the paper. If this is not the case, the calculations should be corrected. Yes, we have subtracted MD contributions to the experimental oscillator strengths prior to the JuddOfelt modeling. Now this is specified in the text (page 3): Prior to the fitting of experimental oscillator strengths with the J-O model, MD contributions were subtracted from the fexp values.Judd-Ofelt analysis and stimulated-emission cross-sections for highly doped (38 at.%) Er:YSGG laser crystal Abstract Stimulated-emission cross-section spectra are determined for the ~1.5 μm and 3 μm transitions of Er 3+ ions in YSGG crystal. For the 4 I 11/2 → 4 I 13/2 channel, the maximum stimulated-emission cross-section σ SE is 0.43×10 -20 cm 2 at 2797.1 nm. For the 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 channel, σ SE = 1.20×10 -20 cm 2 at 1532.8 nm. Due to the reabsorption loss, laser operation is expected at 1644 nm. Radiative lifetimes of all excited states of the Er 3+ ion from 4 I 13/2 to 2 H 9/2 and probabilities of radiative transitions from these states are determined using the Judd-Ofelt theory. Radiative lifetimes of the 4 I 13/2 and 4 I 11/2 excited states for Er 3+ ions in YSGG are 7.73 ms and 9.75 ms, respectively. Non-radiative decay is analyzed for lower excited-states of Er 3+ ions in YSGG.Keywords: erbium ions...

Growth, Spectroscopy, and Laser Performance of a 2.79 μm Er: YSGG Single Crystal Fibers

“…The phonon energy of a YSGG crystal is also relatively lower, and it can help with a high doping concentration and a reduction in the probability of multi-phonon relaxation. Moreover, the segregation coefficient is close to 1, showing the high optical quality of Er: YSGG, and homogeneous distribution of Er 3+ can be easily obtained using the melt method [12]. Therefore, much attention has been drawn to the laser operation of Er: YSGG.…”

Crystal Structure and Judd–Ofelt Analysis of Er 3+ Doped LuAl 3 (BO 3 ) 4 Crystal

“…Figure 8 shows the mid-infrared luminescence spectrum excited at 980 nm laser radiation. Generally, the peak of Er 3+ ion transition from 4 𝐼 11/2 to 4 𝐼 13/2 that occurs at around 2700-3000 nm, such as Er:YSGG (2797 nm), [27] Er:CaF 2 (2727 nm) [7] , and Er:YAG (2937 nm). [6] From Fig.…”