Journey to Zero: Aspiration Versus Reality

Ritchie, Norman

doi:10.2118/164963-ms

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

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Environmental Risk Arising From Well Construction Failure: Difference Between Barrier and Well Failure, and Estimates of Failure Frequency Across Common Well Types, Locations and Well Age

King

King²

2013

Day 3 Wed, October 02, 2013

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Do oil and gas wells leak to the environment? The great majority of wells do not pollute. The purpose of this paper is to explain basic concepts of well construction and illustrate differences between single barrier failure in multiple barrier well design and outright well integrity failure that could lead to pollution, using published investigations and reviews from data sets of over 600,000 wells worldwide. For US wells, while individual barrier failures (containment maintained and no pollution indicated) in a specific well group may range from very low to several percent (depending on geographical area, operator, era, well type and maintenance quality), actual well integrity failures are very rare. Well integrity failure is where all barriers fail and a leak is possible. True well integrity failure rates are two to three orders of magnitude lower than single barrier failure rates. When a series of barriers fail and a leak path is formed, gas is the most common fluid lost. Common leak points are failed gaskets or valves at the surface and are easily and quickly repaired. If the failure is subsurface, an outward leak is uncommon due to lower pressure gradient in the well than in outside formations. Subsurface leaks in oil wells are rare and are routinely exterior formation salt water leaking into the well towards the lower pressure in the well. Failure frequency numbers are estimated for wells in several specific sets of environmental conditions (location, geologic strata, produced fluid composition, soils, etc.). Accuracy of these numbers depends on a sufficient database of wells with documented failures, divided into: 1) barrier failures in a multiple barrier system that do not create pollution, and 2) well integrity failures that create a leak path, whether or not pollution is created. Estimated failure frequency is only for a specific set of wells operating under the same conditions with similar design and construction quality. Well age and era of construction are variables. There is absolutely no one-size-fits-all well failure frequency.

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Environmental Risk Arising From Well Construction Failure: Difference Between Barrier and Well Failure, and Estimates of Failure Frequency Across Common Well Types, Locations and Well Age

King

King²

2013

Day 3 Wed, October 02, 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Environmental Risk Arising From Well-Construction Failure—Differences Between Barrier and Well Failure, and Estimates of Failure Frequency Across Common Well Types, Locations, and Well Age

King

King²

2013

SPE Production &Amp; Operations

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Summary Do oil and gas wells leak to the environment? This paper will show the great majority of wells do not pollute. The purpose of this paper is to explain basic concepts of well construction and illustrate differences between single-barrier failure in multiple-barrier well design and outright well-integrity failure that could lead to pollution by use of published investigations and reviews from data sets of more than 600,000 wells worldwide. For US wells, while individual-barrier failures (containment maintained and no pollution indicated) in a specific well group may range from very low to several percent (depending on geographical area, operator, era, well type, and maintenance quality), actual well-integrity failures are very rare. Well-integrity failure occurs when all barriers fail and a leak is possible. True well-integrity-failure rates are two to three orders of magnitude lower than single-barrier-failure rates. When one of these rare total-well-integrity failures occurs, gas is the most common fluid lost. Common final-barrier leak points are failed gaskets or valves at the surface and are easily and quickly repaired. If the failure is in the subsurface, an outward leak is uncommon because of a lower pressure gradient in the well than in outside formations. Subsurface leaks in oil and gas wells are rare, and routinely comprise exterior-formation salt water leaking into the well toward the lower pressure in the well. Failure frequencies are estimated for wells in several specific sets of environmental conditions (i.e., location, geologic strata, produced-fluid composition, and soils). Estimate accuracy depends on a sufficient database of wells with documented failures, divided into (1) barrier failures in a multiple-barrier system that did not create pollution, and (2) well-integrity failures that created a leak path, whether or not pollution was created. Estimated failure-frequency comparisons are valid only for a specific set of wells operating under the same conditions with similar design and construction quality. Well age and construction era are important variables. There is absolutely no universal definition for well-failure frequency.

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Recovering Business Value From Near Misses

Ritchie¹

2016

Day 3 Wed, April 13, 2016

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No-loss Unplanned Events (Near Misses) present value recovery and organizational learning opportunities which can be taken advantage of only when events are reported into corporate systems, analyzed and the underlying issues resolved. This paper enumerates the moral and business drivers for actively pursuing a robust Near Miss program, from improved employee Near Miss recognition and reporting to efficient, effective and sustainable resolution of the underlying problem. Examples of business cases are included to demonstrate return on investment scenarios.

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Journey to Zero: Aspiration Versus Reality

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Environmental Risk Arising From Well Construction Failure: Difference Between Barrier and Well Failure, and Estimates of Failure Frequency Across Common Well Types, Locations and Well Age

Environmental Risk Arising From Well Construction Failure: Difference Between Barrier and Well Failure, and Estimates of Failure Frequency Across Common Well Types, Locations and Well Age

Environmental Risk Arising From Well-Construction Failure—Differences Between Barrier and Well Failure, and Estimates of Failure Frequency Across Common Well Types, Locations, and Well Age

Recovering Business Value From Near Misses

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