Joule heating‐enabled electrothermal enrichment of nanoparticles in insulator‐based dielectrophoretic microdevices

Malekanfard, Amirreza; Liu, Zhijian; Song, Lei; Kale, Akshay; Zhang, Cheng; Yu, Liandong; Song, Yongxin; Xuan, Xiangchun

doi:10.1002/elps.202000192

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A direct consequence of using electric field distributions to manipulate a suspension of particles is the generation of an ionic current, which produces Joule heating in the solution, leading to electrothermal flow [53]. Electrothermal effects are likely to be significant, when using highly conductive solutions and large voltages.…”

Section: Nonuniform Electric Fields: Dielectrophoresis For Sorting An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically driven microfluidic platforms for exosome manipulation and characterization

et al. 2021

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Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that can be obtained from several body fluids such as blood and urine. Since these vesicles can carry biomarkers and other cargo, they have application in healthcare diagnostics and therapeutics, such as liquid biopsies and drug delivery. Yet, their identification and separation from a sample remain challenging due to their high degree of heterogeneity and their co‐existence with other bioparticles. In this contribution, we review the state‐of‐the‐art on electrical techniques and methods to displace, selectively trap/isolate, and detect/characterize exosomes in microfluidic devices. Although there are many reviews focused on exosome separation using benchtop equipment, such as ultracentrifugation, there are limited reviews focusing on the use of electrical phenomena in microfluidic devices for exosome manipulation and detection. Here, we highlight contributions published during the past decade and present perspectives for this research field for the near future, outlining challenges to address in years to come.

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Section: Nonuniform Electric Fields: Dielectrophoresis For Sorting An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically driven microfluidic platforms for exosome manipulation and characterization

et al. 2021

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“…Although nanoparticle isolation through the incorporation of electric fields has shown promise, exosome isolation using this technique is still challenging. Direct contact between sample solution and the electrodes as well as high operational voltage required in some devices generates excessive heat that could result in the denaturation of biological components. − It should also be noted that applied electrical field influences the movement of not only exosomes but also all other nanoparticles, thereby extracting EVs copurified with impurities such as protein aggregates. Obviously, a pure isolation of EVs using this approach needs a highly controlled flow velocity and voltage magnitude to improve the separation efficiency.…”

Section: Label-free Microfluidic Methods For Exosome Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-Free Isolation of Exosomes Using Microfluidic Technologies

2021

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Exosomes are cell-derived structures packaged with lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. They exist in diverse bodily fluids and are involved in physiological and pathological processes. Although their potential for clinical application as diagnostic and therapeutic tools has been revealed, a huge bottleneck impeding the development of applications in the rapidly burgeoning field of exosome research is an inability to efficiently isolate pure exosomes from other unwanted components present in bodily fluids. To date, several approaches have been proposed and investigated for exosome separation, with the leading candidate being microfluidic technology due to its relative simplicity, costeffectiveness, precise and fast processing at the microscale, and amenability to automation. Notably, avoiding the need for exosome labeling represents a significant advance in terms of process simplicity, time, and cost as well as protecting the biological activities of exosomes. Despite the exciting progress in microfluidic strategies for exosome isolation and the countless benefits of label-free approaches for clinical applications, current microfluidic platforms for isolation of exosomes are still facing a series of problems and challenges that prevent their use for clinical sample processing. This review focuses on the recent microfluidic platforms developed for labelfree isolation of exosomes including those based on sieving, deterministic lateral displacement, field flow, and pinched flow fractionation as well as viscoelastic, acoustic, inertial, electrical, and centrifugal forces. Further, we discuss advantages and disadvantages of these strategies with highlights of current challenges and outlook of label-free microfluidics toward the clinical utility of exosomes.

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“…Moreover, induced‐charge electroosmosis (also known as electroosmosis of the second kind or nonlinear electroosmosis), has recently been shown to also play a significant role in DC‐iEK systems. Strong evidence was presented by the Buie and Xuan research groups on its potential to produce particle recirculation (together with electrothermal flow produced by Joule heating) near trapping regions [ 70 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 ].…”

Section: Insulator‐based Electrokinetics (Iek)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle trapping in electrically driven insulator‐based microfluidics: Dielectrophoresis and induced‐charge electrokinetics

Pérez-González

2021

Electrophoresis

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Electrokinetically driven insulator-based microfluidic devices represent an attractive option to manipulate particle suspensions. These devices can filtrate, concentrate, separate, or characterize micro and nanoparticles of interest. Two decades ago, inspired by electrodebased dielectrophoresis, the concept of insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) was born. In these microfluidic devices, insulating structures (i.e., posts, membranes, obstacles, or constrictions) built within the channel are used to deform the spatial distribution of an externally generated electric field. As a result, particles suspended in solution experience dielectrophoresis (DEP). Since then, it has been assumed that DEP is responsible for particle trapping in these devices, regardless of the type of voltage being applied to generate the electric field-direct current (DC) or alternating current. Recent findings challenge this assumption by demonstrating particle trapping and even particle flow reversal in devices that prevent DEP from occurring (i.e., unobstructed long straight channels stimulated with a DC voltage and featuring a uniform electric field). The theory introduced to explain those unexpected observations was then applied to conventional "DC-iDEP" devices, demonstrating better prediction accuracy than that achieved with the conventional DEP-centered theory. This contribution summarizes contributions made during the last two decades, comparing both theories to explain particle trapping and highlighting challenges to address in the near future.

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Joule heating‐enabled electrothermal enrichment of nanoparticles in insulator‐based dielectrophoretic microdevices

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Electrically driven microfluidic platforms for exosome manipulation and characterization

Electrically driven microfluidic platforms for exosome manipulation and characterization

Label-Free Isolation of Exosomes Using Microfluidic Technologies

Particle trapping in electrically driven insulator‐based microfluidics: Dielectrophoresis and induced‐charge electrokinetics

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